ATI COMPREHENSIVE EXIT WITH NGN|10 VERIFIED Q&A| BRAND NEW!!!!!

ATI COMPREHENSIVE EXIT WITH NGN|10 VERIFIED Q&A| BRAND NEW!!!!! How do you walk up stairs with crutches? - Correct answers-Use railing if there is one; lead with good leg, using crutches for support of bad leg What are signs of compartment syndrome? – Correct answers-MEDICAL EMERGENCY! tingling, numbness, worsening pain, edema, pain on passive movement, unequal pulses What should you do for suspected compartment syndrome? - Correct answers-Call doctor immediately, loosen dressings, and prepare to assist with fasciotomy What interventions do you do for suspected enterocolitis? – Correct answers-Assess and measure abdominal girth, monitor/manage fluid, electrolyte, and blood replacement, monitor for sepsis/peritonitis/shock, and give antibiotics What are some signs and symptoms of Hirschsprung's disease? - Correct answers-Newborn: failure to pass meconium in 24-48 hours, vomiting bile, refusing to eat, abdominal distention; infant: FTT, vomiting, constipation; child: undernourished, anemic appearance, abdominal distention, visible peristalsis, palpable fecal mass, constipation What should you advise your patient of who has peripheral vascular disease? - Correct answers- Sleep with legs in a dependent position (hanging off the bed) to reduce swelling and discomfort of legs; avoid crossing legs, avoid restrictive clothing, and elevate legs but not above heart level; exercise and eat low fat diet What is intermittent claudication? - Correct answers-Burning, cramping, and pain in the legs during exercise; present in peripheral vascular disease What are some expected findings of Peripheral Vascular Disease? - Correct answers-bruit over femoral/aortic arteries, decreased capillary refill, diminished pulses, loss of hair on ankle/calf/foot, dry/scaly/mottled skin, thick toe nails, RUBOR!, cold/cyanotic extremity, and ulcers/gangrene of toes What is a cardiac stress test? - Correct answers-Measures the patient's heart ability to respond to external stress in a controlled clinical environment; patient will exercise for 10- 15 minutes; doctor will use an EKG, BP, HR and O2 level; shows pumping ability; used in PVD What are expected findings of pulmonary edema? - Correct answers-Crackles in lungs, edema, cough with pink/frothy sputum, cyanosis, confusion/stupor, tachycardia, tachypnea/dyspnea/orthopnea, anxiety, inability to sleep, hypoxemia, decreased urine output What would you advise a patient with pulmonary edema? - Correct answers-Fluid restriction and low sodium diet, high fowler's position, daily weights at same time of day, effective breathing techniques, report SOB, swelling and angina; stay compliant with meds even if patient starts to feel better! Nursing interventions for pulmonary edema? - Correct answers-High fowlers, vitals q15 min, hourly urine output, monitor ABGs and electrolytes, monitor I & O, hemodynamic status Why might someone have pulmonary edema? - Correct answers-Most common cause is cardiogenic! Patient will have increased pulmonary vascular pressure; patient may also be in opiate OD, inhaled irritants, too rapid of IV fluids, head injury What are some expected findings of cataracts? – Correct answers-Blurry vision! decreased visual acuity, diplopia (double vision), ABSENT RED REFLEX; visual opacity; cloudy pupils What would you educate a patient with cataracts? - Correct answers-Annual eye exams after 40!; Wear sunglasses anytime outside, avoid activities that increase IOP (bending, sneezing, coughing, straining, sex, restrictive clothing, head hyperflexion); report pain with n/v, limit activities (cooking, driving, sports) What laboratory test would you order to confirm diagnosis of HF? - Correct answers-hBNP (level will be elevated if patient has HF); heart is working harder, so more BNP in the blood What is cystic fibrosis? - Correct answers- mucus glands that secrete an increase in thick mucous, leading to an obstruction of organs; the nurse will see and increase in SODIUM + CHLORIDE IN THE SWEAT What is the goal of case management? - Correct answers-Avoid fragmentation of care and control cost What is Rifampin and what should one warn the patient about? - Correct answers-Rifampin is used to treat TB; educate client to expect orange urine What is Isoniazid and what should one warn the patient about? - Correct answers-Isoniazid is used to treat TB; educate client to avoid all alcohol and that the liver will need to be monitored due to hepatotoxicity; monitor for tingling hands What are expected findings of TB? - Correct answers-persistent cough (longer than 3 weeks), purulent sputum (or blood-streaked), fatigue/lethargy, weight loss, night sweats, low- grade fever in the afternoon, older adults: confusion/altered mentation and unusual behavior Why should people be tested for TB? - Correct answers-People may have it and not know it; It may be latent for years and become active when older or when immunocompromised; IT IS AIRBORNE!! What are the diagnostic procedures for TB? - Correct answers--Mantoux test or "PPD" (read 48 to 72 hr) 10mm is +; 5mm is + for immunocompromised -chest x-ray -acid-fast bacilli smear can culture Why is it important to remain compliant with TB medications? - Correct answers- Noncompliance is the one significant contributing factor in the development of resistant strains How would you describe sanguineous and purulent? - Correct answers- Sanguineous=fresh/bloody Purulent=pus/milky/thick What are some examples of airborne diseases? - Correct answers-TB, measles, varicella What are the isolation guidelines for airborne diseases? - Correct answers-Nurses and visitors must wear mask