APEA 3P PRACTICE EXAM WITH CORRECT ANSWERS

APEA 3P PRACTICE EXAM WITH CORRECT ANSWERS What is the biggest side effect of colchicine? - CORRECT ANSWER-diarrhea How would you describe the appearance of molluscum contagiosum? - CORRECT ANSWER-papules that are umbilicated and contain a caseous plug How do we treat a broken clavicle in an infant? - CORRECT ANSWER-no treatment; it should heal on it's own At what week of pregnancy is the uterus palpable just above the pubic symphysis? - CORRECT ANSWER-week 12 At what week of pregnancy is the fundus palpable halfway between the pubic symphysis and umbilicus? - CORRECT ANSWER-week 16 At what week of pregnancy is the fundus of the uterus at the umbilicus? - CORRECT ANSWER-week 20 At what week of pregnancy is the fundus of the uterus halfway between the xiphoid process and umbilicus? - CORRECT ANSWER-week 28 At what week of pregnancy is the fundus just below the xiphoid process? - CORRECT ANSWER-week 34 Increased sweat production is a sign of what endocrine disorder? - CORRECT ANSWER-hyperthyroidism What is Paget's disease? - CORRECT ANSWER-there is localized increased bone turnover and blood flow resulting in the breakdown of bone and replacing it with weakened and highly vascular bone putting the indiv at increased risk of fractures How do we treat Paget's diseease? - CORRECT ANSWER-bisphosphonates How should pregnant women wear their seatbelt? - CORRECT ANSWER-with the shoulder strap like a normal person and then the groin strap below the belly and across the hips What is another name for fifth disease? - CORRECT ANSWER-parvovirus aka slapped cheek disease aka erythema infectiosum Which type of prevention are vaccinations? - CORRECT ANSWER-primary When should patients begin antiretroviral therapy for HIV infection? - CORRECT ANSWER-as soon as it is detected, even if in the acute phase What are the first generation antihistamines? - CORRECT ANSWER-diphenhydramine (benadryl) and chlorpeniramine (actifed) What are s/s of the secondary stage of syphilis? - CORRECT ANSWER-rash on hands and feet, lymphadenopathy, fever What is the recommended treatment for chronic bacterial prostatitis? - CORRECT ANSWER-a fluoroquinolone (cipro or levo) + bactrim What is the recommended treatment for acute prostatitis? - CORRECT ANSWER-cipro (if not STI related) or ceftriaxone What are s/s of an intraductal breast papilloma? - CORRECT ANSWER-clear to bloody unilateral nipple discharge (bilateral is usually benign), and also a wart like lump palpated in the nipple area If a patient has GABHS but has an allergy to penicillins, what is the second line option? - CORRECT ANSWER-first generation cephalosporins, unless the allergy is severe, then you would consider macrolides like a -mycin PDE5 inhibitors (sildenafil, tadalafil) are contraindicated in which patient populations? - CORRECT ANSWER-in those who are on any type of nitrate or triptan because it could result in hypotension What class of drug is sildenafil (viagra)? - CORRECT ANSWER-a PDE5 inhibitor which can cause hypotension so you should do a full cardiac assessment before starting a patient on this and maybe do an EKG What are the symptoms of peripheral artery disease? - CORRECT ANSWER-think P meaning pain, A meaning absent or weak pulses, eschar or shiny legs, intermittent claudication What is first line treatment for PAD? - CORRECT ANSWER-walking and physical activity to improve circulation. second line is an aspirin or anti-platelet What should we tell our patients with PAD NOT to do? - CORRECT ANSWER-do not elevate the feet; keep them down How do we diagnose PAD? - CORRECT ANSWER-an ABI < 7; doppler can also be used to diagnose as well but is the second choice What are s/s of peripheral vascular disease? - CORRECT ANSWER-think V meaning volume overload aka edema, may ache or be uncomfortable but is not painful, bounding pulses, ruddy discoloration If a patient is on Coumadin but then they may need to go on an antibiotic for an infection and Bactrim is the drug of choice, what should you do? - CORRECT ANSWER-Bactrim increases INR so we would want to decrease the coumadin dose while the patient is on this If a patient is on Coumadin but then they may need to go on Rifampin, what should you do? - CORRECT ANSWER-Rifampin decreases INR so we'd want to increase the coumadin dose If a patient on coumadin's INR is 3.1-4 ,what should you do? - CORRECT ANSWERdecrease the weekly dose by 5-10% If a patient on coumadin's INR is 4.1-5.0, what should you do? - CORRECT ANSWERhold one dose then decrease the weekly dose by 10% If a patient's INR is greater than 5, what should you do? - CORRECT ANSWER-consult cards, likely would hold two doses then decrease the weekly dose An anorexic patient will have a BMI of what? - CORRECT ANSWER-less than 18 What is primary amenorrhea? - CORRECT ANSWER-when the patient has never gotten their period before (there is an absence of menarche) but they have all of their secondary sex characteristics Secondary amenorrhea is a lack of menses after _________ of not having a period; but you have had one before - CORRECT ANSWER-3 months What do we need to do first when a patient comes in with secondary amenorrhea? - CORRECT ANSWER-rule out pregnancy