Criminology Unit 4 exam questions

Identify two of the personnel involved in the criminal justice system that a defendant may encounter before conviction. (2 marks) LO1 - correct answer-Police, Prison officers. According to the Prison Reform Trust (2015) there has been a 91% rise in the prison population in England and Wales over the past twenty years. Between 1993 and 2014 the prison population increased by more than 40,000. It is estimated that the cost of the increased prison numbers has added £1.22bn to government expenditure. Reoffending rates remain high, with almost half of adults reconvicted within one year of release. The number of staff employed by the prison service has fallen by 29% in the last four years. However, in March 2015, 70 of the 117 prisons in England and Wales were overcrowded. With reference to the text, outline the limitations faced by the prison service in England and Wales. (4 marks) LO3 - correct answer-Financial restraints, overcrowding, shortage of staff, re-offending rates. Explain w