International Business, 13e (Daniels/Radebaugh/Sullivan)

International Business, 13e (Daniels/Radebaugh/Sullivan) CHAPTER 1 - GLOBALIZATION AND INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS 1) The broadening set of interdependent relationships among people from different parts of the world is known as . A) globalization B) offshoring C) franchising D) outsourcing 2) The term globalization is sometimes used to mean the . A) movement of jobs to high-wage countries B) business being undertaken outside the confines of any nation C) uneven distribution of resources and this distribution's influence on different products and services in different parts of the world D) integration of world economies through the reduction of barriers to the movement of trade, capital, technology, and people 3) Which of the following best defines international business? A) It includes all public economic flows between two or more countries. B) It includes all private economic flows between two or more countries. C) It includes all business transactions involving two or more countries, whether the transactions are conducted by private or governmental organizations. D) It includes all business transactions in countries other than your home country. 4) Which of the following is the most accurate comparison of how private businesses and governments conduct international business? A) The objectives for private businesses and governments are the same. B) The objective of a private business is profit, whereas a government may or may not seek profit as an objective. C) Governments operate strictly for nonprofit motives, but private businesses seek profits. D) Governments undertake international business for more long-term objectives than private businesses do. 5) Which of the following is NOT a reason to study international business? A) Business conducted outside the confines of any one country is on the decline. B) Global events affect almost all companies. C) By approaching operating strategies from an international standpoint, you may be able to better obtain the resources you need. D) The physical, social, and competitive conditions differ from country to country. 6) Of the following, it is most essential for a student of business to . A) travel widely in order to understand different business environments B) take an internship with a multinational company C) find employment with a company free from global competition D) gain some understanding of international business 7) In terms of international business, it is most accurate to say that . A) there is a universal "best way" to conduct business B) global competition affects large companies but not small ones C) most companies, regardless of industry, depend either on foreign markets and supplies or compete against companies that do D) government regulation of international business has little effect on a company's profits 8) Even if you never have direct international responsibilities, an understanding of some of the complexities of international business may be useful to you because . A) it is essential for most managerial job interviews B) it may help you make more informed operational decisions C) you will need to supervise and evaluate subordinates who have international responsibilities D) you should understand importing and exporting in order to be promoted 9) The shifting of national borders has created which of the following situations for international business? A) It has left most people who reside in rural areas with only the barest connection to the rest of the world. B) It has complicated the understanding of behavioral factors affecting business. C) It has made comparisons of historical data on international transactions problematic. D) It has slowed communications between a company's headquarters and foreign operations. 10) Which of the following is an indication of the increased globalization of business since the end of World War II? A) World trade has grown more rapidly than world production in almost every year. B) Most countries now depend on foreign output for more than half their consumption. C) Foreign ownership of assets has leveled off. D) Countries have increased their import restrictions to counter the rising tide of imports. 11) Most of the world's goods and services are sold . A) in international markets B) in the countries where they are produced C) through exports to small countries D) through exports to large countries 12) According to the A.T. Kearny/Foreign Policy Globalization Index, which ranked countries on their extent of globalization across economic, technological, personal contact, and political dimensions, countries . A) tend to be ranked similarly on all four dimensions B) are more globalized on the political dimension than on personal contact C) that are large in land mass and population are less globalized than small countries D) sometimes rank high on one dimension and low on another 13) Which of the following has NOT been a major force increasing globalization in recent decades? A) liberalization of cross-border trade B) increase in and expansion of technology C) growing pressure from consumers D) decreasing global competition 14) Institutional development of services by business and government has aided the expansion of international business by . A) providing a universally agreed upon language for conducting international transactions B) removing immigration restrictions so that international firms can move personnel wherever they are most needed C) developing means to ease the flow of goods among countries D) spurring competition among domestic producers 15) Which of the following has caused consumers to demand access to foreign-made products? A) Declining global affluence has caused consumers to seek out lower-priced products from abroad. B) Consumers have become more efficient in using media and technologies to compare prices worldwide. C) Fearing that their governments will enact restrictive policies on imports, consumers are stocking up on foreign products before restrictions are put in place. D) Expectations of rising prices of foreign products have caused consumers to seek foreign products before their prices become prohibitive. 16) Which of the following is a reason that international business has grown at such a rapid pace in the past few decades? A) the end of the political schism between the Communist and non- Communist blocs B) stricter government policies on cross-border movements C) decreasing global competition D) increased concerns about terrorism 17) The recent expansion of technology has contributed to growth in international business through . A) the creation of new products that are important in world trade B) reducing the effects of global competition C) the tabulation of international transactions that previously did not appear in statistics D) the liberalization of regulations of movements of resources across borders 18) Flower producers from Ecuador, Israel, and New Zealand all compete for sales in the same American markets. This is due primarily to . A) more effective domestic production techniques B) advances in communications C) advances in transportation D) cross-national cooperation in fighting insects that harm plants 19) All the following statements are true about the increase and expansion of technology EXCEPT which one? A) Technology facilitates a company's headquarters' interactions with its foreign operations. B) Small companies can more easily access global customers and suppliers. C) Companies from more countries can compete for sales in foreign markets. D) Most analysts agree that the rate of development of new products will drop of f in the future. 20) Because of economic growth, a larger portion of the population can shift from to . A) recycling old products; disposing of old products B) disposing of old products; recycling old products C) producing new products; developing new products D) developing new products; producing new products 21) Because their citizens want a greater variety of goods and services at lower prices, many governments have . A) reduced their restrictions on the international movement of goods and services B) acted to reduce the pressures created by global competition C) sought to eliminate reciprocal advantages negotiated through international organizations and treaties D) increased their participation in multinational problem-solving efforts 22) Which of the following is a reason for recent governmental relaxation in restrictions on cross-border trade or resource movements? A) Most countries face shortages of workers, so they seek foreign workers who can help them produce more. B) Governments believe that this will decrease the need to make their own companies more innovative. C) Consumers increasingly want to buy goods and services produced in their own countries, making restrictions less necessary. D) Governments believe that domestic producers will become more efficient as a result of foreign competition. 23) Which of the following is a reason for recent governmental relaxation in restrictions on cross-border trade or resource movements? A) Governments typically welcome the opportunity to increase the offshoring of a country's domestic producers. B) All countries have signed binding reciprocal trade agreements through international organizations. C) Governments hope that other countries will lower their barriers in response. D) Most countries face surpluses of workers, so they seek foreign markets in need of labor supplies. 24) A company starting out with a global focus, usually because of the international experience of its founders, is called a . A) multinational enterprise B) transnational company C) strategically allied company D) born-global company 25) In a strategy known as , many new companies locate themselves near competitors and suppliers. A) offshoring B) franchising C) clustering D) exporting 26) Companies often expand their business internationally in response to . A) increased import restrictions in their domestic markets B) competitive international advantages gained by their competitors C) increased export restrictions in their domestic markets D) a decrease in domestic competition 27) When a company successfully responds to foreign production and market opportunities, . A) other companies will likely emulate its successful practices B) it likely has a long-term advantage over competitors C) it typically downsizes its domestic operations D) its home government likely raises taxes on the company 28) According to your text, which of the following is NOT one of the three main reasons governments cooperate with each other? A) to attack problems that one country acting alone cannot solve B) to deal with areas of concern that lie outside the territory of any nation C) to gain reciprocal advantages D) to encourage cross-border movement of resources in response to interest rate differences 29) Governments have signed treaties to protect foreign-owned property rights, such as investments and patents. A primary reason for doing so is to . A) gain reciprocal advantages B) reduce the domestic effects of other countries' economic policies C) deal with areas of concern outside the territory of any one country D) reduce national conflicts leading to violent encounters 30) Which of the following is NOT a source of disagreement about the use of noncoastal areas of the oceans, outer space, and Antarctica? A) There is little short-term business potential in these areas. B) There is disagreement about how commercial benefits should be shared among nations. C) There is disagreement about who should be allowed to develop where. D) The commercial viability of some areas has only recently been demonstrated. 31) Which of the following is a reason that governments cooperate through treaties, agreements, and consultation? A) to gain a division of labor, such as by performing research and development in one country and production in another B) to be in compliance with United Nations' requirements C) to attack problems jointly that one country acting alone cannot solve D) to assure that all countries get an equitable share of taxes from multinational enterprises 32) Small countries worry about overdependence caused by globalization. Their concerns include all of the following EXCEPT which of the following? A) A large country on whom they depend may pressure them on political matters. B) A large international company may dictate its terms of operations in a small country. C) A large company may exploit legal loopholes to avoid political oversight and taxes. D) A large country may reduce its level of cultural homogeneity. 33) Although critics complain that globalization causes the consumption of too many nonrenewable resources while despoiling the environment, those in favor of globalization counter that . A) globalization encourages the adoption of uniform and superior standards for combating environmental problems B) economic growth created by globalization is largely in services, which neither use too many nonrenewable resources nor despoil the environment C) the biggest problem of environmental despoliation occurs in the countries that are least globalized D) pollution and toxic runoff problems do not increase with economic growth 34) Curtailment of logging in the Amazon region is generally viewed as environmentally beneficial for the planet as a whole. However, unemployed Brazilian workers have felt that job creation inside Brazil is more important than climate protection outside Brazil. This example best illustrates which of the following? A) why smaller countries are concerned that large international countries are powerful enough to dictate operating terms B) why globalization is needed to foster uniform standards for combating environmental problems C) how global interests can conflict with a country's local interests D) how cultural homogeneity threatens the cultural foundation of smaller nations 35) Although globalization may bring economic growth, critics nevertheless contend that . A) the growth is not fast enough B) the inequality of gains puts some people in a relatively worse economic situation C) this growth is mainly for the future, thus ignoring present economic growth needs D) the cultural foundations of sovereignty are supported by globalization 36) The process of shifting production from a domestic to a foreign location is known as . A) offshoring B) outsourcing C) licensing D) joint venturing 37) Proponents of offshoring claim all EXCEPT which of the following? A) Aggregate employment figures show that displaced workers find new jobs. B) Offshoring increases the number of high-value jobs in the home countries of offshoring companies. C) Offshoring is fundamentally better for workers than the introduction of labor-saving technologies. D) There are upper limits on offshoring because there are not enough workers abroad with needed skills who will permanently work for low wages. 38) A major criticism of offshoring is that it . A) increases production costs B) exchanges good jobs for bad jobs C) threatens the sovereignty of larger countries D) allows companies to avoid payment of any taxes 39) Critics of offshoring claim all EXCEPT which of the following? A) Cost savings are seldom passed on to final consumers. B) Workers who have been displaced by offshoring do not have the skills needed for higher-value jobs. C) Incomes of workers in offshoring countries have gone down as a percentage of national income. D) Offshoring reduces the incomes of people in low-wage countries. 40) Which of the following conditions must be met for a company to increase profits through foreign sales? A) The company can obtain resources abroad. B) The costs to make the sales do not increase disproportionately. C) The company can offshore its production. D) The foreign market can be reached through exporting rather than direct investment. 41) The televising of sports competitions to viewers in multiple countries is an example of international business conducted to achieve the objective of . A) acquiring resources B) minimizing risk C) offshoring D) sales expansion 42) A motive for a company to conduct international business is to acquire resources abroad. Which of the following is NOT an example of a resource acquisition motive? A) producing with lower labor costs B) gaining knowledge that the company can use elsewhere C) following a customer into a foreign market D) gaining the means to differentiate a product 43) By operating internationally, a company may reduce its risks because it can . A) take advantage of business-cycle differences among countries B) buy competitive risk insurance not available in its home country C) prevent competitors from operating in the countries it has entered D) operate in less competitive environments than those at home 44) An example of a U.S. merchandise import is an automobile made in and sold . A) the United States by a Japanese company; in the United States B) the United States by a Japanese company; outside the United States C) Japan by a Japanese company: in the United States D) Japan by a U.S. company; outside the United States 45) Visible exports and imports are . A) merchandise imports and exports B) the sum total of goods and services traded C) international transactions paid for in money rather than barter D) typically a country's least common international economic transactions 46) An example of a Japanese service export is a visit by a . A) Japanese citizen to Disneyland in the United States B) Japanese citizen to the Japan Pavilion at Epcot Center in the United States C) U.S. citizen to the Japan Pavilion at Epcot Center in the United States D) U.S. citizen to Tokyo Disneyland in Japan 47) Royalties from the use of assets abroad, such as trademarks or patents, are an example of . A) merchandise trade B) service trade C) visible trade D) a joint venture 48) A foreign direct investment occurs . A) only when a company owns more than 50 percent of a foreign firm B) when a company controls a company abroad C) when foreign ownership is in private rather than government securities D) with the establishment of a partnership rather than the purchase of a foreign firm 49) Foreign direct investment . A) is undertaken only by large companies B) includes the ownership of foreign bonds C) includes partially owned foreign operations as long as the owner has controlling interest D) in terms of value, is mainly undertaken by small companies