OMSA Study Guide Certification Exam 2024

OMSA Study Guide Certification Exam 2024 Name the 4 valves in the heart - CORRECT ANSWER-Tricuspid valve Aortic Valve Mitral Valve pulmonic Valve Where is the Tricuspid valve located? - CORRECT ANSWER-Between the right atrium and right ventricle Where is the Mitral valve located? - CORRECT ANSWER-Between the left atrium and the left ventricle Where is the Aortic valve located? - CORRECT ANSWER-Between the aorta and the heart's left ventricle Where is the pulmonic valve located? - CORRECT ANSWER-Between the" right ventricle and the pulmonary artery What is the function of valves in the heart? - CORRECT ANSWER-To prevent the backflow of blood When you listen to a normal heart beat through a stethoscope what sound does it make, and what causes this sound? - CORRECT ANSWER-Lub-dub; caused by the aortic and pulmonic valves closing What is angina pectoris? - CORRECT ANSWER-Another name for chest pain of cardiac origin What is angina pectoris caused by? - CORRECT ANSWER-Ischemia or lack of oxygen to the heart muscle How does nitroglycerin affect the body? - CORRECT ANSWER-It dilates the coronary arteries and increases the blood flow to the heart When does angina pectoris turn into a myocardial infarction? - CORRECT ANSWERWhen the heart is deprived of oxygen too long and a portion of the heart dies Death of the heart muscle - CORRECT ANSWER-necrosis Risk factors of cardiovascular disease (12) - CORRECT ANSWER-Family history of heart disease Smokers Hypercholesterolemia Diabetes Obesity Sedentary lifestyle Hypertension Advancing age History of MI Congestive heart failure Heart valve dysfunction dysrhythmias Signs and symptoms of Myocardial infarction (MI) (5) - CORRECT ANSWER--Chest pain not relieved by nitroglycerin -Pain radiate down the left arm or up the left jaw -Blood pressure drop -weak with thready pulse -nausea or vomiting What should you do if you suspect a patient is having a MI? - CORRECT ANSWERMorphine Oxygen Nitrates Aspirin Place patient on monitors and start IV asap What is congestive heart failure? - CORRECT ANSWER-The heart cannot pump blood in a forward motion What happens when there is CHF on the right side? - CORRECT ANSWER-Excess blood an fluid backing up systemically; meaning in the rest of the body What are the symptoms of right sided CHF? - CORRECT ANSWER-Swelling in the ankles and ascetics (belly) Distended neck veins What happens when there is CHF on the left side? - CORRECT ANSWER-Fluid backing up into the lungs causing pt to cough pink frothy sputum. What are the symptoms of left sided CHF? - CORRECT ANSWER-Shortness of breath and wakes up in the middle of the night gasping for air What is the normal treatment for CHF? - CORRECT ANSWER-Diuretics; so the patient pees out the excess fluid How is the cardiovascular system monitored? - CORRECT ANSWER-By using tone pulse, blood pressure and the EKG What is the autonomic nervous system responsible for? - CORRECT ANSWER-for controlling the bodily functions not consciously directe