Praxis Early Childhood Education 5025 Language & Literacy Questions and Answers

Oral Language acquisition Pre-linguistic birth-10 months: discriminate speech from other sounds Discover phonemes: /ma/ /ba/ etc. 1 month: start crying or producing sounds to convey information (hungry, hurt etc) Cooing in response to pleasure 6 months: babbling phase 9-10 Months: intonation patterns and rephrase babble that sounds like words. Holophrastic period 12-18 months: Single word phrase. Single words convey meaning. Name person, objects, places Vocabulary ~30 words Says "no" meaningfully Understand what's being said Telegraphic period 2-3 years Two word phrases Recites familiar rhymes 30 months: acquiring rules of syntax Complex period 3-5 Years: Acquisition slows vocabulary grows Morphology "foots" Mans" overgeneralization of rules Syntax and complex questions Semantics Written Language acquisition Pre Phonemic 0-6: No link between phonemes and graphemes Random scribbling Controlled Scribbling Circular Scribbling Drawing to convey messages Mock Letters Letter strings directional and down the page, no correlation to words Separated words spaces present Learning to spell: 6 years: Graphemes = phonemes Basic motor skills and basic spelling Consolidation 7-8 Years: Writing = spoken language casual, colloquial, lots of clauses Differentiation 9-10 Years: Writing different than speech Writing for different audiences Integration mid teens: Personal voice present Appropriate linguistic choices made Spelling Stages Prephonemic - scribbling and mock letters Semiphonetic: link letters and sounds to write Phonetic - phonemes represented by graphemes Phonics spelling stages Logographic: words learned as whole units. Embedded in a logo