CQPA Practice Exam 2 (V, VI, VII) Graded To Score A+

CQPA Practice Exam 2 (V, VI, VII) Graded To Score A+ Parameter True numeric population value, often unknown, estimated by a statistic Population All possible observations of similar items from which a sample is drawn Statistic A numerical data value taken from a sample that may be used to make an inference about a population MIL-STD-721C (1981) Considered by reliability professionals as the "dictionary" for reliability and maintainability terms Accessibility A measure of the relative ease of admission to the areas of an item for the purpose of operation or maintenance Availability A measure of the degree to which an item is in an operable and committable state at the start of a mission when the mission is called for at an unknown (random) time Burn-in The operation of an item under stress to stabilize its characteristics Checkout Tests of an item to determine its condition or status Corrective Action A documented design, process, procedure, or materials change implemented and validated to correct the cause of failure or design deficiency Criticality A relative measure of the consequences of a failure mode and its frequency of occurances De-bugging a process to detect and remedy inadequacies Dependability A measure of the degree to which an item is operable and capable of performing its required function at any (random) time during a specified mission profile Derating (a) using an item in such a way that applied stresses are below rated values (b) The lowering of the rating of an item in one stress field to allow an increase in another stress field Durability A measure of useful life (a special case of reliability) Environment The aggregate of all external and internal conditions (such as temperature, humidity, radiation, magnetic and electric fields, shock vibration, etc.) Environmental Stress Screening (ESS) A series of tests conducted under environmental stresses to disclose weak parts and workmanship defects for correction Failure The event, or inoperable state, in which any item or part of an item does not perform as previously specified Failure Analysis Subsequent to a failure, the logical systematic examination of an item, its construction, application, and documentation to identify the failure and determine the failure mechanism Failure Catastrophic A failure that can cause an item loss Failure, Critical A failure, or combination of failures, that prevents an item from performing a specific mission Failure Effect The consequence(s) a failure mode has on the operation, function, or status of an item. Failure efforts are classified as local effects, next higher levels, and end effects Failure Mode and Effects Analysis A procedure by which each potential failure mode in a system is analyzed to determine the results or effects thereof on the system and to classify each potential failure mode according to its severity Failure Intermittent Failure for a limited period of time, followed by the item's recover and its ability to perform within specified limits without any remedial action. Failure Mechanism A physical, chemical, electrical, thermal, or other, process which results in a failure Failure Mode The consequence of the mechanism through which the failure occurs (ex: short, open, fracture, excessive wear) Failure, Random A failure whose occurrence is predictable only in a probabilistic or statistical sense Failure Rate The total number of failures within an item population divided by the total number of life units expended by that population, during a particular measurement interval under stated conditions Fault Immediate cause of failure (ex: maladjustment, misalignment, defect, etc.) Fault Isolation The process of determining the location of a fault to the extent necessary to effect repair FRACAS Failure Reporting, Analysis and Corrective Actions System This is a closed loop system of data collection, analysis and dissemination to identify and correct failures of a product or process Life Profile A time-phased description of the events and environments an item experiences from manufacture to final removal from the operational inventory Maintainability The measure of the ability of an item to be retained in or restored to specified condition when maintenance is performed by personnel having specified skill levels, using prescribed procedures and resources Maintenance All actions necessary for retaining an item in or restoring it to a specified condition Maintenance, Corrective All actions performed as a result of failure, to restore an item to a specified condition Maintenance, Preventive All actions performed in an attempt to retain an item in specified condition by providing systematic inspection, detection, and prevention of incipient failures Maintenance, Scheduled Preventive maintenance performed at prescribed points in the items life Maintenance Time An element of downtime which excludes modification and delay time Maintenance, Unscheduled Corrective maintenance required by item conditions Mean-Maintenance Time The sum of preventive and corrective maintenance times, divided by the sum of scheduled and unscheduled maintenance events, during a stated period of time Mean-Time-Between-Failure (MTBF) A basic measure of reliability for repairable items: the mean number of life units during which all parts of the item perform within their specified limits, during a particular measurement interval under stated conditions Mean-Time-Between-Maintenance (MTBM) A measure of the reliability taking into account maintenance policy. The total number of life units expended by a given time, divided by the total number of maintenance events (scheduled and unscheduled) due to that item Mean-Time-To-Failure (MTTF) A basic measure of reliability for non-repairable items: the total number of life unites of an item divided by the total number of failures within that population, during a particular measurement interval under stated conditions Mean-Time-To-Repair (MTTR) A basic measure of maintainability: The sum of corrective maintenance times at any specific level of repair, divided by the total number of item failures during a particular interval under stated conditions Operable The state of being able to perform the intented function Predicted That which is expected at some future time, postulated on analysis of past experience and tests Production Reliability Acceptance Testing (PRAT) Tests performed to measure any degradation in the reliability of a product over the course of production, or to assure that products being delivered meet customer's reliability requirements Redundancy