NR507 PRACTICE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

NR507 PRACTICE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS What does the endocrine system do? - CORRECT ANSWER-controls body functions and responses through the regulation of a variety of hormones What is the purpose of endocrine glands? - CORRECT ANSWER-located throughout the body and secrete hormones directly into the blood or at the site of the effector organ they control The level of T3 and T4 in the blood is monitored by what? - CORRECT ANSWER-The hypothalamus How does a negative feedback loop function? - CORRECT ANSWER-The endocrine gland monitors the levels in the blood and if the level is low, the organ will release a hormone targeting the end organ to increase or decrease the hormones Negative feedback loops - CORRECT ANSWER-move the body towards homeostasis Positive feedback loops - CORRECT ANSWER-move the body away from homeostasis; an example of this would be an initiation of labor during childbirth Describe hormones - CORRECT ANSWER-Either water-soluble or lipid soluble How are water soluble hormones able to diffuse across the target cell membrane? - CORRECT ANSWER-Second messenger signaling The pituitary gland responds to what? - CORRECT ANSWER-Hormones released by the hypothalamus The problems associated with the endocrine system may occur because of... - CORRECT ANSWER-alterations in the hypothalamic-pituitary system or because of alterations in the specific target organs What are some common disorders associated with dysfunction of the posterior pituitary - CORRECT ANSWER-Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone (SIADH) secretion and Diabetes Insipidus (DI) In SIADH, the body secretes large amounts of ______, which results in _____________. - CORRECT ANSWER-ADH; water retention throughout the body In DI, the individual experiences __________. What is the end result? - CORRECT ANSWER-an insufficient amount of ADH The inability to concentrate urine and the production of copious amounts of dilute urine How is thyroid function monitored? - CORRECT ANSWER-Through laboratory tests, such has testing the hormones T3 and T4 and TSH Where is the dysfunction if the thyroid hormone level is low as well as the TSH level? - CORRECT ANSWER-Hypothalamic-pituitary issue resulting in a lack of stimulation of the thyroid gland to produce thyroid hormones What if the thyroid hormone level and TSH level are high? - CORRECT ANSWER-The issue is most likely related to a thyroid gland that is not responding appropriately to TSH (hypothyroidism) What are some signs and symptoms of the hypo function of the thyroid? - CORRECT ANSWER-Loss of hair Coarse, brittle hair Periorbital edema Puffy face Normal/small thyroid Heart failure (bradycardia) Constipation Cold intolerance Muscle weakness Edema of the extremities What are some signs and symptoms of the hyper function of the thyroid? - CORRECT ANSWER-Thin hair Exophthalmos Enlarged thyroid Heart failure Weight loss Diarrhea Warm skin, sweaty palms Hyperreflexia Pretibial edema