ASCP Microbiology Exam (Answered) With Complete verified Solution

ASCP Microbiology Exam (Answered) With Complete verified Solution Gemella Gram positive diplococcus. Thrive best at high partial carbon dioxide pressure. Facultative anaerobe. Oxidase negative. Catalase negative. In mucous membranes of humans and animals and upper digestive tract. Leuconstoc Gram positive cocci often in chains. Intrinsically resistant to vancomycin. Catalase negative. Are generally slime forming. Responsible for cabbage fermentation. Acanthamoeba A genus of amoeba One of the most common single celled eukaryotes in soil and frequently in fresh water. Has two forms - metabolically active trophozoite. Dormant - stress resistant cyst. Causes keratitis and granulomatous amoebic encephalitis. Naegleria fowleri Protozoa. Causes Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis. Enter through the nose and travels to the brain. Commonly found in warm fresh water. Only species that infects humans. Almost always results in death. Schistisoma Also known as the blood flukes. Schistisoma mansoni Blood fluke most commonly found in Africa, South America, West Indies and Porto Rico. Lives in the large intestines. Approximately 115-175 micrometers by 45-75 micrometers. Lateral spine. Schistisoma heamatobium Blood fluke most commonly found in Nile Vally, Mideast and East Africa. Live in veins surrounding bladder. Approximately 110-170 micrometers by 40-70 micrometers. Terminal spine. Schistisoma japonicum. Blood fluke most commonly found in Far East Japan, China and Philippines. Lives in the small intestines. Approximately 60-95 micrometers by 40-60 micrometers. No spine. Hantavirus A single stranded enveloped, negative sense RNA virus. In the Bunyaviridae family. May become infected through contact with rodent urine, saliva or feces. Can cause fatal diseases such as hantavirus hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome. Rare respiratory illness associated with inhalation of aerolized rodent excreta. Cause of Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome in the US. The Sin Nombre virus carried by deer mice. Bartonella Gram negative bacteria. Facultative intracellar parasite. It is transmitted by vectors such as ticks, flees, sand flies and mosquitoes. Cause of Cat Scratch Disease Bartonella henselae. Edwardsiella An Enterobacteriaceae. Gram negative rod. Facultative anaerobe. Enterobacteriaceae family. First discovered in snakes. Edwardsiella tarda Urea - negative Lysine decarboxylase - positive Hydrogen Sulfide- positive Indole- positive Only recognized human pathogen in Edwardsiella genus. Chryseobacterium Gram negative, filamentous rod. Non motile. Capable of reproduction in cold temperatures. Flavobacteriaceae family. Found in soil, plants, foodstuffs and water sources. Chryseobacterium indologenes Yellow pigmented colonies. Has been found in indwelling devices. West Nile Virus An arbovirus. In the Flaviviridae family. Transmitted to humans by mosquitoes. 80% infected will have few to no symptoms. Cause fever headaches, feeling tired, muscle pain, nausea, loss of appetite, vomiting and rash. Anthrax Caused by bacterium, Bacillus anthracis. It is spread by contact with spores of bacteria which are often from infectious animal products. Transmission is by breathing, eating or contact through broken skin. Botulism Caused by Clostridium botulinum. Causes weakness, trouble seeing, feeling tired, trouble speaking. May be followed by weakness of arms, chest muscles and legs. Cause of food poisoning. How is botulism toxin destroyed? Heating to more than 85 degrees Celsius or 185 degrees Fahrenheit. Clostridium botulinum Gram positive rod. Anaerobic. Spore forming. Motile. Capable of producing the neurotoxin, botulism. Yersenia pestis. Cause of the bubonic plague. Gram negative coccobacillus. Facultative anaerobe. Transmitted by oriental rat flee. Non motile. Stick shapped bacteria with bipolar staining. Safety pin appearance. Variola virus. Cause of Smallpox. Transmission by inhalation of airborne virus, usually droplets from the oral, nasal, or pharyngeal mucosa of infected person. Franciscella tularemia. Cause of Tularemia. Gram negative coccobacillus. Facultative Aerobe. (?) Non spore forming. Non motile. Fastidious. Requires cysteine for growth. Transmitted by contact with infected animals. Staphylococcus aureus Gram positive cocci. Usually in clusters. Catalase positive. Coagulase positive. Non motile. Nitrate reduction positive. Facultative anaerobe. Skin infections, respiratory infections and food poisoning. Bacteroides Bile Esculin Agar - B.B.E. Selective, differential for recovery of Bacteroides fragilis group. Bile-Esculin Agar. Selective for recovery of vancomycin resistant enterococci. Bismuth Sulfite Agar. Differential and selective for for identification of Salmonella typhi and other enteric bacilli. Appearance of Salmonella typhi colonies on Bismuth Sulfite Agar. Black with a metallic sheen. Bordet Gengou Agar. Medium used for the recovery of Bordetella pertussis, known as whooping cough. Buffered Charcoal Yeast Agar -BYCE Selective for the recovery of Legionella and Norcardia species. Cefsulodin Irgasan Novobiocin Agar - CIN Selective and differential for isolation of Yersenia and Aeromonas species. Chopped Meat Broth Used for recovery of a variety of bacteria, particularly anaerobes. Colistin Nalidixic Acid Agar - CNA Selective for aerobic and anaerobic gram positive bacteria. Cycloserine Cefoxitin Egg Yolk Fructose Agar - CCFA Selective and differential for Clostridium difficile. Cystine Tellurite Blood Agar Selective and differential for Corynebacterium diphtheria. Eosin Methylene Blue Agar - E.M.B Selective and differential for isolation and differentiation of lactose fermenting and non fermenting gram negative bacillus. Fletcher's Medium Semisolid medium for the recovery of Leptospira species. Hekteon Enteric Agar - HE Selective for isolation of Salmonella and Shigella species and differentiation of these organisms from other gram negative bacillus. Kanamycin Vancomycin Laked Blood Agar - LKV Selective and differential for anaerobic gram negative bacillus, especially Bacteroides and Prevotella species. LIM Broth Selective Enrichment Broth used for the recovery of group B strep. Loeffler Medium Used for the recovery of Corynebacterium diphtheria. Vibrio Gram negative curved rods. Associated with eating undercooked seafood. Facultative anaerobe. Oxidase positive. Non-spore forming