NUR 411: Nursing Concepts for Childbearing Individuals and Families Exam 3. 577 Questions and Correct Answers. Actual Exam Questions Included. 2024/2025.

NUR 411: Nursing Concepts for Childbearing Individuals and Families Exam 3. 577 Questions and Correct Answers. Actual Exam Questions Included. 2024/2025. Which of the following is considered an acceptable weight pattern (for infant)? A. Loss of up to 7% in the first 2 or 3 days B. Weight stabilizes by 2 weeks C. Back to birth weight by 6 weeks D. Loss of 10% in the first 2 or 3 days A. Loss of up to 7% in the first 2 or 3 days It is recommended that a caregiver observe the mother and baby breastfeeding: A. At least once every 8 hours during their hospital stay B. Every hour during their hospital stay C. At least once every day during their hospital stay D. At least twice before discharge A. At least once every 8 hours during their hospital stay Which of the following is LEAST helpful as a recommendation to ALL breastfeeding mothers? A. Have pillows handy for positioning B. Try to rest when her baby sleeps C. Wear a supportive bra D. Have a beverage available next to her at feedings C. Wear a supportive bra The MOST important key to establishing and maintaining milk production is: A. Using both breasts at every feeding B. Frequent and effective milk removal C. Keeping the baby at the breast for at least 20 minutes D. Baby's mouth covering the areola B. Frequent and effective milk removal What should mothers look for in their babies stooling patterns? A. At least 3 voids and 3 stools per day on Days 1-3 B. At least 3 voids and 6 stools per day after Day 5 C. At least 1 void and 1 stool per day on Days 1-3 D. At least 6 voids and 3 stools per day after Day 5 D. At least 6 voids and 3 stools per day after Day 5 Which of the following is MOST likely to delay initiating breastfeeding? A. Epidural anesthesia B. Cesarean birth C. General anesthesia D. Infant respiratory distress D. Infant respiratory distress Research shows that the amount of milk a mother makes is related to: A. The quality of emotional support that she receives in the early postpartum days B. The quality of the mother's diet during pregnancy and lactation C. The amount of time her baby spends at the breast in the first hour D. The timing of the first feeding and the number of feedings on day 2 D. The timing of the first feeding and the number of feedings on day 2 Appearing completely neutral about breastfeeding: A. Confuses mothers about best practice B. Acknowledges varying expert opinions C. Acknowledges a mother's right to formula feed D. Confirms a mother's choice of parenting style A. Confuses mothers about best practice Babies who have immediate skin-to-skin contact and access to the breast within the first hour of life will typically: A. Breastfeed for more months B. Need skin contact for effective feeds C. Show little interest in latching on D. Have a long feed during that time A. Breastfeed for more months Once the baby latches on, he will: A. Start to suck more quickly when the milk lets down B. Suck quickly and then more slowly as he takes in milk C. Remove all available milk within 20 to 30 minutes D. Always let go of the breast when he is finished B. Suck quickly and then more slowly as he takes in milk The breasts of a bottle-feeding woman are engorged. The nurse should instruct her to: A. Wear a snug, supportive bra B. Allow warm water to soothe the breasts during a shower C. Express milk from breasts occasionally to relieve discomfort D. Place absorbent pads with plastic liners into her bra to absorb leakage A. Wear a snug, supportive bra A woman gave birth to a 7-lb, 3-oz boy 2 hours ago. The nurse determines that the woman's bladder is distended because her fundus is now 3 cm above the umbilicus and to the right of the midline. In the immediate postpartum period, the most serious consequence likely to occur from bladder distention is: A. Urinary tract infection B. Excessive uterine bleeding C. A ruptured bladder D. Bladder wall atony B. Excessive uterine bleeding What statement by a newly delivered woman indicates that she knows what to expect about her menstrual activity after childbirth? A "My first menstrual cycle will be lighter than normal and then will get heavier every month thereafter." B. "My first menstrual cycle will be heavier than normal and will return to my prepregnant volume within three or four cycles." C. "I will not have a menstrual cycle for 6 months after childbirth." D. "My first menstrual cycle will be heavier than normal and then will be light for several months after." B. "My first menstrual cycle will be heavier than normal and will return to my prepregnant volume within three or four cycles." With regard to afterbirth pains, nurses should be aware that these pains are: A. Caused by mild, continual contractions for the duration of the postpartum period B. More common in first-time mothers C. More noticeable in births in which the uterus was over-distended D. Alleviated somewhat when the mother breastfeeds C. More noticeable in births in which the uterus was over-distended Postbirth uterine/vaginal discharge, called lochia: A. Is similar to a light menstrual period for the first 6 to 12 hours B. Is usually greater after cesarean births C. Will usually decrease with ambulation and breastfeeding D. Should smell like normal menstrual flow unless an infection is present D. Should smell like normal menstrual flow unless an infection is present Which description of postpartum restoration or healing times is accurate? A. The cervix shortens, becomes firm, and returns to form within a month postpartum. B. Rugae reappear within 3 to 4 weeks. C. Most episiotomies heal within a week. D. Hemorrhoids usually decrease in size within 2 weeks of childbirth. B. Rugae reappear within 3 to 4 weeks. With regard to the condition and reconditioning of the urinary system after childbirth, nurses should be aware that: A. Kidney function returns to normal a few days after birth B. Diastasis recti abdominis is a common condition that alters the voiding reflex C. Fluid loss through perspiration and increased urinary output account for a weight loss of more than 2 kg during the puerperium D. With adequate emptying of the bladder, bladder tone usually is restored 2 to 3 weeks after childbirth C. Fluid loss through perspiration and increased urinary output account for a weight loss of more than 2 kg during the puerperium As part of the postpartum assessment, the nurse examines the breasts of a primiparous breastfeeding woman who is 1 day postpartum. An expected finding is: A. Little if any change B. Leakage of milk at let-down C. Swollen, warm and tender on palpation D. A few blisters and a bruise on each areola A. Little if any change Perineal care is an important infection control measure. When evaluating a postpartum woman's perineal care technique, the nurse would recognize the need for further instruction if the woman: A. Uses soap and warm water to wash the vulva and perineum B. Washes from symphysis pubis back to the episiotomy C. Changes her perineal pad every 2 to 3 hours D. Uses the peribottle to rinse upward into her vagina D. Uses the peribottle to rinse upward into her vagina On examining a woman who gave birth 5 hours ago, the nurse finds that the woman has completely saturated a perineal pad within 15 minutes. The nurse's first action is to: A. Begin an IV infusion of Ringer's lactate solution B. Assess the woman's vital signs C. Call the woman's primary health care provider D. Massage the woman's fundus D. Massage the woman's fundus Excessive blood loss after childbirth can have several causes; however, the most common is: A. Vaginal or vulvar hematomas B. Unrepaired lacerations of the vagina or cervix C. Failure of the uterine muscle to contract firmly D. Retained placental fragments C. Failure of the uterine muscle to contract firmly Baby-friendly hospitals mandate that infants be put to breast within the first _______ after birth. A. 1 hour B. 30 minutes C. 2 hours D. 4 hours A. 1 hour Which finding would be a source of concern if noted during the assessment of a woman who is 12 hours' postpartum? A. Postural hypotension B. Temperature of 38° C C. Bradycardia-pulse rate of 55 beats/min D. Pain in left calf with dorsiflexion of left foot D. Pain in left calf with dorsiflexion of left foot The nurse examines a woman 1 hour after birth. The woman's fundus is boggy, midline, and 1 cm below the umbilicus. Her lochial flow is profuse, with two plum-sized clots. The nurse's initial action is to: A. Place her on a bedpan to empty her bladder B. Massage her fundus C. Call the physician D. Administer methylergonovine (Methergine), 0.2 mg IM, which has been ordered prn B. Massage her fundus Two hours after giving birth a primiparous woman becomes anxious and complains of intense perineal pain with a strong urge to have a bowel movement. Her fundus is firm, at the umbilicus, and midline. Her lochia is moderate rubra with no clots. The nurse suspects: A. Bladder distention B. Uterine atony C. Constipation D. Hematoma formation D. Hematoma formation The nurse observes several interactions between a postpartum woman and her new son. What behavior, if exhibited by this woman, does the nurse identify as a possible maladaptive behavior regarding parent-infant attachment? A. Talks and coos to her son B. Seldom makes eye contact with her son C. Cuddles her son close to her D. Tells visitors how well her son is feeding B. Seldom makes eye contact with her son When the infant's behaviors and characteristics call forth a corresponding set of maternal behaviors and characteristics, this is called: A. Mutuality B. Bonding C. Claiming D. Acquaintance A. Mutuality In follow-up appointments or visits with parents and their new baby, it may be useful if the nurse can identify parental behaviors that can either facilitate or inhibit attachment. What is a facilitating behavior? A. The parents have difficulty naming the infant. B. The parents hover around the infant, directing attention to and pointing at the infant. C. The parents make no effort to interpret the actions or needs of the infant. D. The parents do not move from fingertip touch to palmar contact and holding. B. The parents hover around the infant, directing attention to and pointing at the infant. When working with parents who have some form of sensory impairment, nurses should realize that all of these statements are true except: A. One of the major difficulties visually impaired parents experience is the skepticism of health care professionals B. Visually impaired mothers cannot overcome the infant's need for eye-to-eye contact C. The best approach for the nurse is to assess the parents' capabilities rather than focusing on their disabilities D. Technologic advances, including the Internet, can provide deaf parents with a full range of parenting activities and information B. Visually impaired mothers cannot overcome the infant's need for eye-to-eye contact Health care providers demonstrate a variety of reactions to lesbian couples including failure to acknowledge the "other mother's" role in pregnancy, birth, and parenting. Integration of the non-childbearing partner into care includes offering the same opportunities afforded male partners of heterosexual women. These include all except: A. Labor support B. Cutting the cord C. Rooming in during hospitalization D. Breastfeeding the infant D. Breastfeeding the infant While making a visit to the home of a postpartum woman 1 week after birth, the nurse should recognize that the woman would characteristically: A. Express a strong need to review the events and her behavior during the process of labor and birth B. Exhibit a reduced attention span, limiting readiness to learn C. Vacillate between the desire to have her own nurturing needs met and the need to take charge of her own care and that of her newborn D. Have reestablished her role as a spouse or partner C. Vacillate between the desire to have her own nurturing needs met and the need to take charge of her own care and that of her newborn Parents can facilitate the adjustment of their other children to a new baby by: A. Having children at home choose or make a gift to give the new baby on his or her arrival home B. Emphasizing activities that keep the new baby and other children together C. Having the mother carry the new baby into the home so she can show the other children the baby D. Reducing stress on the other children by limiting their involvement and care of the new baby A. Having children at home choose or make a gift to give the new baby on his or her arrival home The early postpartum period is a time of emotional and physical vulnerability. Many mothers can easily become psychologically overwhelmed by the reality of their new parental responsibilities. Fatigue compounds these issues. Although the baby blues are a common occurrence in the postpartum period, about one-half million women in America experience a more severe syndrome known as postpartum depression (PPD). Which statement regarding PPD is essential for the nurse to be aware of when attempting to formulate a nursing diagnosis? A. PPD symptoms are consistently severe. B. This syndrome affects only new mothers. C. PPD can easily go undetected. D. Only mental health professionals should teach new parents about this condition. C. PPD can easily go undetected. While evaluating the reflexes of a male newborn, the nurse notes that with a loud noise, the newborn symmetrically abducts and extends his arms, his fingers fan out and form a "C" with the thumb and forefinger, and he has a slight tremor. The nurse documents this finding as a positive: A. Tonic neck reflex B. Glabellar (Myerson) reflex C. Babinski reflex D. Moro reflex D. Moro reflex In most healthy newborns, blood glucose levels stabilize at _________ mg/dl during the first hours after birth: A. 80 to 100 B. Less than 40 C. 50 to 60 D. 60 to 70 C. 50 to 60 A nurse caring for a newborn should be aware that the sensory system least mature at the time of birth is: A. Vision B. Hearing C. Smell D. Taste A. Vision An examiner who discovers unequal movement or uneven gluteal skinfolds during the Ortolani maneuver: A. Tells the parents that one leg may be longer than the other, but they will equal out by the time the infant is walking B. Alerts the physician that the infant has a dislocated hip C. Informs the parents and physician that molding has not taken place D. Suggests that if the condition does not change, surgery to correct vision problems might be needed B. Alerts the physician that the infant has a dislocated hip With regard to the respiratory development of the newborn, nurses should be aware that: A. Crying increases the distribution of air in the lungs B. Newborns must expel the fluid at uterine life from the respiratory system within a few minutes of birth C. Newborns are instinctive mouth breathers D. Seesaw respirations are no cause for concern in the first hour after birth A. Crying increases the distribution of air in the lungs While caring for the newborn, the nurse must be alert for any signs of cold stress. This would include which symptom? A. Decreased activity level B. Increased respiratory rate C. Hyperglycemia D. Shivering B. Increased respiratory rate The nurse helps a breastfeeding mother change the diaper of her 16-hour-old newborn after the first bowel movement. The mother expresses concern because the large amount of thick, sticky stool is very dark green, almost black. She asks the nurse if something is wrong. The nurse should respond to this mother's concern by: A. Telling the mother not to worry because all breastfed babies have this type of stool B. Explaining to the mother that this stool is called meconium and is expected for the first few bowel movements of all newborns C. Asking the mother what she ate for her last meal D. Suggesting to the mother that she ask her pediatrician to explain normal newborn stooling patterns to her B. Explaining to the mother that this stool is called meconium and is expected for the first few bowel movements of all newborns A newborn male, estimated to be 39 weeks of gestation, exhibits: A. Testes descended into the scrotum B. Extended posture when at rest C. Abundant lanugo over his entire body D. Ability to move his elbow past his sternum A. Testes descended into the scrotum A 3.8-kg infant was delivered vaginally at 39 weeks after a 30-minute second stage. There was a nuchal cord. After birth the infant is noted to have petechiae over the face and upper back. Information given to the infant's parents should be based on the knowledge that petechiae: A. Are benign if they disappear within 48 hours of birth B. Result from increased blood volume C. Should always be further investigated D. Usually occur with forceps delivery A. Are benign if they disappear within 48 hours of birth A mother expresses fear about changing her infant's diaper after he is circumcised. What does the woman need to be taught to take care of the infant when she gets home? A. Cleanse the penis with prepackaged diaper wipes every 3 to 4 hours. B. Apply constant, firm pressure by squeezing the penis with the fingers for at least 5 minutes if bleeding occurs. C. Cleanse the penis gently with water and put petroleum jelly around the glans after each diaper change. D. Wash off the yellow exudate that forms on the glans at least once every day to prevent infection. C. Cleanse the penis gently with water and put petroleum jelly around the glans after each diaper change. An Apgar score of 10 at 1 minute after birth indicates: A. An infant having no difficulty adjusting to extrauterine life and needing no further testing B. An infant in severe distress that needs resuscitation C. A prediction of a future free of neurologic problems D. An infant having no difficulty adjusting to extrauterine life but who should be assessed again at 5 minutes after birth D. An infant having no difficulty adjusting to extrauterine life but who should be assessed again at 5 minutes after birth With regard to umbilical cord care, nurses should be aware that: A. The stump can easily become infected B. A nurse noting bleeding from the vessels of the cord should immediately call for assistance C. The cord clamp is removed at cord separation D. The average cord separation time is 5 to 7 days A. The stump can easily become infected 10 to 14 days is average cord separation time All of these statements are helpful and accurate nursing advice concerning bathing the new baby except: A. Newborns should be bathed every day, for the bonding as well as the cleaning B. Tub baths may be given before the infant's umbilical cord falls off and the umbilicus is healed C. Only plain warm water should be used to preserve the skin's acid mantle D. Powders are not recommended because the infant can inhale powder A. Newborns should be bathed every day, for the bonding as well as the cleaning As part of their teaching function at discharge, nurses should tell parents that the baby's respiration should be protected by the following procedures except: A. Prevent exposure to people with upper respiratory tract infections B. Keep the infant away from secondhand smoke C. Avoid loose bedding, waterbeds, and beanbag chairs D. Don't let the infant sleep on his or her back D. Don't let the infant sleep on his or her back When weighing a newborn, the nurse should: A. Leave its diaper on for comfort B. Place a sterile scale paper on the scale for infection control C. Keep a hand on the newborn's abdomen for safety D. Weigh the newborn at the same time each day for accuracy D. Weigh the newborn at the same time each day for accuracy Vitamin K is given to the newborn to: A. Reduce bilirubin levels B. Increase the production of red blood cells C. Enhance the ability of blood to clot D. Stimulate the formation of surfactant C. Enhance the ability of blood to clot A nurse must administer erythromycin ophthalmic ointment to a newborn after birth. The nurse should: A. Instill within 15 minutes of birth for maximum effectiveness B. Cleanse eyes from inner to outer canthus before administration if necessary C. Apply directly over the cornea D. Flush eyes 10 minutes after instillation to reduce irritation B. Cleanse eyes from inner to outer canthus before administration if necessary When placing a newborn under a radiant heat warmer to stabilize temperature after birth, the nurse should: A. Place the thermistor probe on the left side of the chest B. Cover the probe with a nonreflective material C. Recheck temperature by periodically taking a rectal temperature D. Perform all examinations and activities under the warmer D. Perform all examinations and activities under the warmer All of these statements indicate the effect of breastfeeding on the family or society at large except: A. Breastfeeding requires fewer supplies and less cumbersome equipment B. Breastfeeding saves families money C. Breastfeeding costs employers in terms of time lost from work D. Breastfeeding benefits the environment C. Breastfeeding costs employers in terms of time lost from work In helping the breastfeeding mother position the baby, nurses should keep in mind that: A. The cradle position is usually preferred by mothers who had a cesarean birth B. Women with perineal pain and swelling prefer the modified cradle position C. Whatever the position used, the infant is "belly to belly" with the mother D. While supporting the head, the mother should push gently on the occiput C. Whatever the position used, the infant is "belly to belly" with the mother The maternity nurse must be cognizant that cultural practices have significant influence on infant feeding methods. Many regional and ethnic cultures can be found within the United States. One cannot assume generalized observations about any cultural group will hold for all members of the group. Which statement related to cultural practices influencing infant feeding practice is correct? A. A common practice among Mexican women is known as los dos. B. Muslim cultures do not encourage breastfeeding due to modesty concerns. C. Latino women born in the United States are more likely to breastfeed. D. East Indian and Arab women believe that cold foods are best for a new mother. A. A common practice among Mexican women is known as los dos. The birth weight of a breastfed newborn was 8 lb, 4 oz. On the third day the newborn's weight was 7 lb, 12 oz. On the basis of this finding, the nurse should: A. Encourage the mother to continue breastfeeding because it is effective in meeting the newborn's nutrient and fluid needs B. Suggest that the mother switch to bottle feeding because breastfeeding is ineffective in meeting newborn needs for fluid and nutrients C. Notify the physician because the newborn is being poorly nourished D. Refer the mother to a lactation consultant to improve her breastfeeding technique A. Encourage the mother to continue breastfeeding because it is effective in meeting the newborn's nutrient and fluid needs Which action of a breastfeeding mother indicates the need for further instruction? A. Holds breast with four fingers along bottom and thumb at top B. Leans forward to bring breast toward the baby C. Stimulates the rooting reflex and then inserts nipple and areola into newborn's open mouth D. Puts her finger into newborn's mouth before removing breast B. Leans forward to bring breast toward the baby