NICU Nursing exam question with complete solution

NICU Nursing exam question with complete solution What is the high risk neonate defined as? - Correct Answer A newborn, regardless of gestational age or birth weight, who has greater than average chance of morbidity or mortality d/t conditions associated with birth and the transition to extrauterine life. How is a high risk neonate classified by weight? - Correct Answer -Low birth weight: 2500g -Very low birth weight: 1500g -Extremely low birth weight: 1000g How is a high risk neonate classified by growth? - Correct Answer -Intrauterine growth restriction -Small for gestational age -Large for gestational age How is a high risk neonate classified by gestational age? - Correct Answer -Premature infant: /= 36 6/7 weeks -Term infant: /= 37 0/7 weeks -Postmature infant: 42 weeks What are risk factors that increase the likelihood of NICU admission? - Correct Answer -Prematurity -Low birth weight -Birth depression -High risk pregnancy -Congenital anomalies What are risk factors for prematurity? - Correct Answer -Teen pregnancy -Adavanced maternal age (35y) -Low SES -Drug/tobacco use -Hx of preterm birth -Multiple gestation -Obesity -DM -HTN -Maternal infection -Infertility tx What should the nurse understand about the neonatal resuscitation program? - Correct Answer -Geared towards deliveries and birth interventions, as many newborns require some assistance to begin breathing at birth -A smaller percentage require extensive resuscitative measures (compressions or meds) What are important questions to ask in terms of neonatal resuscitation? - Correct Answer -Are they term? -Good tone? -Breathing/crying independently? -How big? What is included in post-resuscitation care in the NICU? - Correct Answer -Thermoregulation -Glucose monitoring -Labs -X-ray -IVF -Management of lines and tubes -Monitor VS -Support family What should the nurse understand about thermoregulation in the neonate? - Correct Answer Risk for hypothermia