SFSU Biology 230 Exam Questions with Answers

SFSU Biology 230 Exam Questions with Answers What are the relationships among genomes, chromosomes, genes, alleles, proteins, traits, and mutations? - Answer-Genomes are chromosomes that are in gametes. Alleles are different versions of the same gene. Proteins directly impact traits. A mutation is an allele and something could be different about the protein. What are the similarities and differences in what DNA, RNA, and proteins are made of? - Answer-DNA, RNA, and proteins are made of macromolecules. DNA and RNA is made of nucleic acids and proteins are made of amino acids. Where are DNA, RNA, and proteins inside a cell? - Answer-DNA is held in the nucleus, RNA is held in the cytoplasm, and proteins are held in the cell membrane. How does DNA code for RNA? - Answer-DNA codes for RNA by transcription or coping the DNA and replacing the Ts with Us. How does RNA code for proteins? - Answer-RNA is translated by ribsomes to make a chain of amino acids to become proteins. What are codons? - Answer-The three nucleotide sequence translated into a single protein. What is the function of DNA? - Answer-To code for proteins. What is the function of RNA? - Answer-To make proteins. What is the function of proteins? - Answer-To express traits and do common functions. What do the terms transcription and translation mean in biology? - Answer-Transcription is copying DNA to make RNA and translation is copying RNA into a protein. What type of cells contain the genes for certain traits, like eye color? - Answer-Gametes What percentage of the human genome is thought to code for protein? - Answer-1% What is known about the rest of the DNA sequences, sometimes called "non-coding" or junk DNA? - Answer-It makes non-coding RNA.