Ati Comprehensive Final With Correct And Verrified Answers 2023/2024

1 cup - CORRECT ANSWERS-8 oz 1 oz - CORRECT ANSWERS-30 mL 1 tablespoon - CORRECT ANSWERS-15 mL 1 teaspoon - CORRECT ANSWERS-5 mL 8 months.. - CORRECT ANSWERS-sits unsupported, stranger anxiety 9 month - CORRECT ANSWERS-drinks well from a cup 12 months - CORRECT ANSWERS-says 2 words; has 6 teeth A. fib, SVT, or w/ HR - CORRECT ANSWERS-amiodarone, adenosine and verapamil synchronized cardioversion AB+ - CORRECT ANSWERS-universal receiver ABGs - CORRECT ANSWERS--uncompensated: pH & one other abnormal -partial: all three abnormal -fully: pH normal & other 2 abnormal ABGs - CORRECT ANSWERS-pH 7.35-7.45 PaCO2 35-45 PaO2 80-100 HCO3 21-28 acetaminophen poisoning antidote - CORRECT ANSWERS-acetylcysteine acute glmerulonephritis - CORRECT ANSWERS--proteinuria; hematuria-expected finding -monitor for HTN acute-closure glaucoma - CORRECT ANSWERS--caused by sudden shift in position of iris of eye that blocks outflow of aqueous humor leading to acute onset of severely painful rise in IOP emergency -signs: sudden onset of redness, decreased vision, colored halos, h/a Albuterol MDI sequence - CORRECT ANSWERS-1. remove cap and shake canister 2. hold mouth piece 1/2-2 in from mouth 3. tilt head back slightly then open mouth 4. press inhaler while taking deep breath 5. hold breath for 10 sec 6. resume normal breathing amblyopia & strabismus - CORRECT ANSWERS--amblyopia is disorder of eye in which unilateral central blindness occurs as result of another condition such as strabismus -in strabismus, muscle weakness allows one eye to wander so child cannot focus on an object w/ both eyes at same time. this confusion causes brain to ignore signals from weak eye in favor of strong one, this will result in central blindness if not treated by age of 6 -to strengthen weak eye muscle unaffected eye is patched anaphylaxis signs - CORRECT ANSWERS--tachycardia, hypotension, nausea, urticaria, stridor, dyspnea anterior fontanel - CORRECT ANSWERS-closes at 18 months if closes early measure head circumference anterior fontanel closes at.. - CORRECT ANSWERS-18 months anticholinergic side effects - CORRECT ANSWERS--can't spit (dry mouth) -can't pee (urinary retention) -can't poop (constipation) -can't see (blurred vision) arterial vs venous - CORRECT ANSWERS-ARTERIAL: S&S= decreased pulses, claudication, thin, shiny skin, pale and cool, painful ulcers NOT bleed, thick toe nails; intervention= exercise program, no smoking, no cold temps DEPENDENT LEG POSITION VENOUS: S&S-edema, stasis dermatitis (brown, itchy), thickened skin, painless bleeding ulcers, risk skin breakdown & infection, red warm skin ELEVATE LEGS, stocking in morning, wound care and weight management BOTH: FOOT CARE Asperger's syndrome - CORRECT ANSWERS-high functioning form of autism spectrum disorder, typically child will have normal to high cognitive skills; a structured environment can help to minimize problems experienced w/ sudden schedule changes, socialization requirements and preference for ritualistic behavior atypical antidepressant - CORRECT ANSWERS-bupripone SE: psychotic symptoms autonomic dysreflexia - CORRECT ANSWERS--injury at T6 or above -causes: distended bladder, constipation, skin stimulation -sit pt upright (SOB), correct cause (ex: cath distended bladder) -S&S: sudden increase in bp; bradycardia, pounding h/a, flushing above cord injury, pallor below cord injury balanced skeletal traction - CORRECT ANSWERS--offer diet high in fluids and fiber b/c immobilized pt at risk for constipation -provide pin care w/ one of following solutions: chlorhexidine, povidone-iodine; half-strength hydrogen peroxide betamethasone - CORRECT ANSWERS--glucocorticoid used in prevention of respiratory distress syndrome in premature infants -causes hyperglycemia in mother which predisposes neonate to hypoglycemia blood lipid levels - CORRECT ANSWERS--total serum cholesterol: desirable 200 mg/dL; risk for cardiac or stroke event w/ levels 150mg/dL is target range therapy & has been shown to be cut point to decrease Cerebrovascular or arterial incidences -LDL: 1304 -HDL: males 35-65; females 35-80 -triglycerides: desirable 150; males 40-160; females 35-135 blood transfusions - CORRECT ANSWERS-hang blood w/ D5W cataracts - CORRECT ANSWERS--clouding that develops in lens of eye over time, slowly impair vision and lead to blindness if untreated -signs: decreased contrast, glaring and blurred vision CBC - CORRECT ANSWERS-RBC: males 4.7-6.1 million; female 4.2-5.4 million Hbg: males 14-18 female 12-16 Hematocrit: male 42-52% female 37-47% WBC: 5,000-10,000 ESR: 20 mm/hr cirrhosis - CORRECT ANSWERS-low protein, high calorie (encephalopathy restrict protein) clozapine - CORRECT ANSWERS--second generation anti-psychotic used to relieve symptoms of schizophrenia and to reduce suicidal behaviors in pts w/ schizophrenia/schizoaffective disorder -AE: tachycardia, weight gain, sedation, agranulocytosis (low WBC- 5,000) -agranulocytosis: decrease in one of WBCs called neutrophils, reduces ability to fight infection and can be fatal; WBC & absolute neutrophil count monitored weekly during 1st 6 months of therapy then every 2 weeks during next 6 months congenital hypothyroidism - CORRECT ANSWERS--child does not manufacture an adequate amount of thyroid hormone to maintain appropriate metabolic rate; if an appropriate, daily and life-long dose of thyroid hormone given, metabolism should be close to normal crackles "rales" - CORRECT ANSWERS--wet, popping sound created by air moving thru liquid or by collapsed alveoli snapping open on inspiration, indicates fluid or mucus in smaller airways crepitus "SQ emphysema" - CORRECT ANSWERS-coarse crackling sensation palpated over skin surface, indicates an air leak into SQ tissue often indicating pneumothorax cystic fibrosis and celiac disease - CORRECT ANSWERS-both have steatorrhea (foul-smelling, fatty stool) -cystic fibrosis only one that has elevated sweat chloride detached retina - CORRECT ANSWERS-medical emergency in which retina (thin layer of light sensitive tissue on back of wall of eye) of eye peels away from its underlying layer of support tissue. -w/o Tx, entire retina can detach leading to permanent vision loss -S&S: sudden onset of decreased peripheral or central vision, dark floaters, flashes of light & shadow or "curtain" over part of visual field Diabetes insipidus - CORRECT ANSWERS--polyuria, hypernatremia Tx hypotonic sodium chloride and vasopressin/DDAVP dialysis disequillibrium syndrome DDS - CORRECT ANSWERS--CNS disorder, complication may develop in new dialysis pts d/t rapid removal of solutes and blood pH level changed; pt beginning hemodialysis at greatest risk esp. if BUN 175 -characterized by CNS manifestations of varying severity d/t cerebral edema including h/a, nausea, disorientation, restlessness, blurred vision, asterixis dipheria, tetanus, pertussis vaccine - CORRECT ANSWERS-between ages 4-6, around this age blood titers drop d/t decreasing antibodies dissecting aortic aneurysm - CORRECT ANSWERS--back pain is cardinal sign that will cause nurse to suspect dissecting aortic aneursym -other key manifestations are hypotension and tachycardia doxycycline - CORRECT ANSWERS-tetracycline antibiotic; AE is photo-sensitivity ECG of electrolyte imbalances - CORRECT ANSWERS--hypocalcemia: prolonged QT interval -hypercalcemia: shortened QT interval -hypokalemia: flattened T-waves & cardiac dysrhythmia -hyperkalemia: widened QRS episitaxi