Prehospital Emergency Care 11th Edition EXAM
QUESTIONS (31 TERMS) WITH VERIFIED
DEFINITIONS UPDATED 2024
1). Normal breathing
Ans: An intact (open) airway
Normal respiratory rate
Good rise and fall of the chest
Normal respiratory rhythm
Breath sounds are present bilaterally
Chest expansion and relaxation that occurs normally
Minimal-to-absent use of accessory muscles to aid in breathing
2). Abnormal breathing
Ans: -Increased width of space between the alveoli and blood vessels (hydrostatic
pressure)
-Lack of perfusion of the pulmonary capillaries from the right ventricle of the heart
-Filling of the Alveoli with fluid, blood, or pus
3). Wheezing
Ans: High-pitched, musical, whistling sound that is best heard initially during exhalation
but can also be heard during inhalation in more severe cases.
Indication of swelling/constriction of the inner lining of the lower airways
(Asthma/Emphysema/Chronic Bronchitis/Pneumonia/CHF)
4). Rhonchi
Ans: (coarse crackles) snoring or rattling noises heard on auscultation.
Indication of obstruction of the larger conducting airways of the respiratory tract by thick
secretions of mucus.
(Chronic Bronchitis/Emphysema/Aspiration/Pneumonia)
5). Crackles (rales)
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, Ans: Bubbly, crackling sounds heard during inhalation.
Associated with fluid that has surrounded or filled the alveoli or small bronchioles.
Can indicate pulmonary edema or pneumonia
6). Hypoxemia
Ans: decreased level of oxygen in the blood
7). Hypercarbia
Ans: Increased carbon dioxide level in the bloodstream.
8). Dyspnea
Ans: shortness of breath
9). Apnea
Ans: absence of breathing (Complete Respiratory Arrest)
10). Hypoxia
Ans: deficiency in the amount of oxygen reaching the cells
11). 3 categories of breathing disturbance
Ans: Respiratory Distress
Respiratory Failure
Respiratory Arrest
12). Respiratory distress
Ans: difficult breathing but with adequate tidal volume and respiratory rate
13). Respiratory failure
Ans: Tidal volume or respiratory rate is inadequate and no longer can provide an
adequate oxygenation of cells. (bag valve mask)
Respiratory arrest
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QUESTIONS (31 TERMS) WITH VERIFIED
DEFINITIONS UPDATED 2024
1). Normal breathing
Ans: An intact (open) airway
Normal respiratory rate
Good rise and fall of the chest
Normal respiratory rhythm
Breath sounds are present bilaterally
Chest expansion and relaxation that occurs normally
Minimal-to-absent use of accessory muscles to aid in breathing
2). Abnormal breathing
Ans: -Increased width of space between the alveoli and blood vessels (hydrostatic
pressure)
-Lack of perfusion of the pulmonary capillaries from the right ventricle of the heart
-Filling of the Alveoli with fluid, blood, or pus
3). Wheezing
Ans: High-pitched, musical, whistling sound that is best heard initially during exhalation
but can also be heard during inhalation in more severe cases.
Indication of swelling/constriction of the inner lining of the lower airways
(Asthma/Emphysema/Chronic Bronchitis/Pneumonia/CHF)
4). Rhonchi
Ans: (coarse crackles) snoring or rattling noises heard on auscultation.
Indication of obstruction of the larger conducting airways of the respiratory tract by thick
secretions of mucus.
(Chronic Bronchitis/Emphysema/Aspiration/Pneumonia)
5). Crackles (rales)
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, Ans: Bubbly, crackling sounds heard during inhalation.
Associated with fluid that has surrounded or filled the alveoli or small bronchioles.
Can indicate pulmonary edema or pneumonia
6). Hypoxemia
Ans: decreased level of oxygen in the blood
7). Hypercarbia
Ans: Increased carbon dioxide level in the bloodstream.
8). Dyspnea
Ans: shortness of breath
9). Apnea
Ans: absence of breathing (Complete Respiratory Arrest)
10). Hypoxia
Ans: deficiency in the amount of oxygen reaching the cells
11). 3 categories of breathing disturbance
Ans: Respiratory Distress
Respiratory Failure
Respiratory Arrest
12). Respiratory distress
Ans: difficult breathing but with adequate tidal volume and respiratory rate
13). Respiratory failure
Ans: Tidal volume or respiratory rate is inadequate and no longer can provide an
adequate oxygenation of cells. (bag valve mask)
Respiratory arrest
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