U.S. History High School EOC Exam Study Guide

Causes of the Civil War - • Slavery • States' rights • Territorial claims • Abolitionist movement • Regional differences Consequences of the Civil War - • Reconstruction • Thirteenth Amendment • Fourteenth Amendment • Fifteenth Amendment Dred Scott - A black slave, had lived with his master for 5 years in Illinois and Wisconsin Territory. Backed by interested abolitionists, he sued for freedom on the basis of his long residence on free soil. The ruling on the case was that He was a black slave and not a citizen, so he had no rights. Abraham Lincoln - 16th President of the United States saved the Union during the Civil War and emancipated the slaves; was assassinated by Booth () Andrew Johnson - 17th President of the United States; he was elected Vice President and succeeded Lincoln when Lincoln was assassinated Jefferson Davis - President of the Confederate States of America Frederick Douglass - United States abolitionist who escaped from slavery and became an influential writer and lecturer in the North () Ulysses S. Grant - an American general and the eighteenth President of the United States (). He achieved international fame as the leading Union general in the American Civil War. Robert E. Lee - Confederate general who had opposed secession but did not believe the Union should be held together by force William T. Sherman - general whose march to sea caused destruction to the south, union general, led march to destroy all supplies and resources, beginning of total warfare Harriet Tubman - United States abolitionist born a slave on a plantation in Maryland and became a famous conductor on the Underground Railroad leading other slaves to freedom in the North () Sojourner Truth - United States abolitionist and feminist who was freed from slavery and became a leading advocate of the abolition of slavery and for the rights of women () Radical Republicans - Political party that favored harsh punishment of Southern states after civil war Buffalo Soldiers - Nickname for African-American soldiers who fought in the wars against Native Americans living on the Great Plains during the 1870s The impeachment of Andrew Johnson - when the Radical Republicans tried Andrew Johnson for impeachment because he wanted to fire Edwin Stanton, the Secretary of War. The Radical Republicans passed a law called the Tenure of Office Act saying that a President cannot fire a worker "just because". President Johnson stayed in office by one vote. Black Legislators - Many blacks were elected to Federal offices after the Civil War White Extremist Groups - -KKK -Knights of the White Camellia -The White League -Red Shirts -Pale Faces 13th Amendment - abolished slavery in the U.S. in 1865 14th Amendment - Declares that all persons born in the U.S. are citizens and are guaranteed equal protection of the laws regardless of race 15th Amendment - Citizens cannot be denied the right to vote because of race, color , or previous condition of servitude carpetbagger - Northerners who traveled south just to make money off the Reconstruction. They were called this because their suitcases were usually made from carpet. Suffrage - the right to vote Jim Crow Laws - The "separate but equal" segregation laws state and local laws enacted in the Southern and border states of the United States and enforced between 1876 and 1965 Black Codes - Southern laws designed to restrict the rights of the newly freed black slaves