Medical Surgical ATI Final Review

ATI MED SURG TERMS FINAL REVIEW Medical Surgical ATI Final Review Terms in this set (197) Preoperative 1. Question: The term used for before surgery?  Answer: Preoperative. Nurse's Responsibility: Educator, advocate, and health promotion. Intraoperative 2. Question: What is the term used during surgery?  Answer: Intraoperative. Nurse's Responsibility: Safety and advocacy. Postoperative 3. Question: What is the term used after surgery?  Answer: Postoperative. Nurse's Responsibility: Ongoing evaluation and stabilization of clients, prevention of post-op complications. Purpose of Surgery:  Diagnostic: Exploratory laparotomy.  Curative: Fibroid tumors-hysterectomy.  Restorative: Hip replacement.  Palliative: Suprapubic catheter.  Cosmetic Surgery: Scar revision. Consent Process:  Question: Who is responsible for obtaining a signed consent before sedation is given and surgery is performed?  Answer: The surgeon.  Nurse's Role: Witness client signature. Preparation Before Surgery:  NPO Status: Typically after midnight for 6-8 hours.  Bowel or Intestinal Preparation: To prevent injury to the colon and reduce the number of intestinal bacteria. Postoperative Teaching:  Breathing exercises.  Incentive spirometry.  Coughing and splinting.  Leg procedures and exercises.  Antiembolism stockings and elastic wraps.  Early ambulation and range of motion exercises. Anxiety Prevention Before Surgery:  Preoperative teaching.  Encouraging communication.  Promoting rest.  Using distraction.  Teaching family and significant others. High-Risk Patients After Anesthesia:  Those with liver and kidney disease. Anesthesia:  General Anesthesia.  Local or Regional Anesthesia. Complications of General Anesthesia:  Malignant hyperthermia.  Overdose.  Complications of specific anesthetic agents.  Unrecognized hypoventilation.  Complications of intubation. Local or Regional Anesthesia:  Complications include anaphylaxis, incorrect delivery technique, systemic absorption, and overdosage.  Symptoms may include CNS stimulation, cardiac depression, metallic taste, and nausea. Recovery and Conscious Sedation:  Recovery time varies.  Conscious sedation involves IV delivery of drugs while maintaining a patent airway. Perioperative Positioning and Assessment:  Proper body position.  Risk for pressure ulcer formation.  Prevention of obstruction of circulation, respiration, and nerve conduction. Recovery Room (PACU):  Ongoing evaluation and stabilization of clients to anticipate, prevent, and treat complications after surgery. Postoperative Care:  Assessment of motor and sensory functions.  Monitoring for complications such as urinary retention, GI problems, and ineffective wound healing. Immunity and Inflammation:  Hypersensitivity reactions (Type I to Type V).  Autoimmunity and its interventions.  Osteoarthritis: Clinical manifestations and treatment.