NASM Nutrition Certification (EXAM) With Verified 100% Correct Answers Graded A+.

SCOFF questionnaire - correct answer Basic yet reliable set of five questions that help assess whether an eating disorder exists. Do you make yourself Sick because you feel uncomfortably full? Do you worry that you have lost Control over how much you eat? Have you recently lost more than One stone (14 lbs) in a 3-month period? Do you believe yourself to be Fat when others say you are too thin? Would you say that Food dominates your life? Scientific Method - correct answer The process of formulating explanations about the natural world and testing those explanations with experiments and data. 1. Identify a Problem 2. Formulate a hypothesis 3. Design a study to test the hypothesis 4. Collect data 5. Discard or change the hypothesis OR continue testing Evidence-Based Practice - correct answer A three-pronged approach to working with clients, which consists of making decisions based on the weight of the scientific evidence, field observations, and individual client needs and preferences. Prediction - correct answer An expected outcome generated from a hypothesis Theory - correct answer A hypothesis or set of hypotheses for which a large body of high-quality evidence has been accumulated. Hierarchy of Evidence - correct answer 1. Systematic Reviews 2. Randomized Controlled Trials 3. Observational Research 4. Peer Reviews 5. Non-Peer-Reviewed Media, including anecdotes Anecdote - correct answer an account of a person's experience or event Uncontrolled Variable - correct answer A variable in an experiment that a scientist makes no effort to manipulate or account for. Primary Research - correct answer Original research where scientists perform experiments and collect data - this is in contrast to secondary research where scientists analyze data that has already been collected or published elsewhere. Observational Research - correct answer Research in which a researcher observes ongoing behaviors to determine correlation. Correlation - correct answer A relationship between two or more variables. Randomized Control Trial (RCT) - correct answer A type of scientific study/trial where participants are randomly assigned into different groups - one or more will be the intervention to be tested and one will be the control group. Groups are randomized and a control is used in an attempt to reduce potential bias in the trial. Independent Variable - correct answer The variable scientists manipulate in an experiment. External Validity - correct answer The ability to generalize the results of a study. Systematic Review - correct answer A review where scientists systematically gather all research on a topic and evaluate it based on predefined criteria and rules. Meta-Analysis - correct answer A statistical analysis of a group of studies to assess the overall weight of the evidence. Empirical - correct answer Based on observation or experience. Test-Retest Reliability - correct answer The ability to get similar results when something is measured under the same conditions. Reliability - correct answer The consistency of a measure. Validity - correct answer The assessment of whether a tool is measuring what it is supposed to measure. Selection Bias - correct answer A sample of people under study is not representative of the larger population that scientists are looking to make inferences about. Retrospective - correct answer Describes a study that looks backward in time. Recall Bias - correct answer The inability to accurately remember past behaviors. Health - correct answer A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. Homeostasis - correct answer The tendency toward a relatively stable equilibrium between interdependent elements, especially as maintained by physiological processes. Disease - correct answer A disorder of structure or function in a human, animal, or plant, especially one that produces specific signs or symptoms, affects a specific location, and is not simply a direct result of physical injury. Noncommunicable Disease - correct answer A noncommunicable disease (NCD) is a medical condition or disease that is not caused by infectious agents; it can refer to chronic diseases which last for long periods of time and progress slowly. Communicable Disease - correct answer Infectious diseases caused by microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, parasites, and fungi that can be spread (directly or indirectly) from one person to another. Wellness - correct answer The fluid process of improving the emotional, occupational, physical, social, intellectual, and spiritual components of life, dynamically leading to a better state of health and well-being. Obese - correct answer A high degree of excess body fat - a BMI greater than 30. Biometrics - correct answer The technical term for measurements and calculations related to human physical characteristics. Satiety - correct answer A feeling of fullness and satisfaction. Palatability - correct answer The degree of pleasure or taste provided by a food - a highly palatable food is one that is tasty and pleasant to consume. Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) - correct answer The energy currency of life. chemical compound that provides energy to drive muscle contraction, transmission of nerve impulses, and the vast majority of chemical reactions that facilitate human life. Metabolism - correct answer Chemical processes occurring within the body to convert food to energy. Thermic Effect of Food (TEF) - correct answer represents the increase in energy expenditure after consuming a meal. Thermic Effect of Activity (TEA) - correct answer accounts for the most variability of daily energy expenditure. Non-Exercise Activity Thermogenesis (NEAT) - correct answer energy expended for everything we do that is not sleeping, eating or exercising. Lipogenesis - correct answer The biological process of combining free fatty acids with glycerol to form triglycerides. Lipolysis - correct answer The biological process of breaking stored triglycerides into free fatty acids and glycerol. Glycogenolysis - correct answer The process of breaking down the glycogen molecule into its individual glucose units for entry into the energy pathways. Gluconeogenesis - correct answer A metabolic pathway that results in the generation of glucose from non-carbohydrate carbon substrates such as lactate, glycerol and glucogenic amino acids. Leptin - correct answer A hormone produced by adipose (fat) cells that acts as a satiety factor in regulating appetite. Ghrelin - correct answer A hunger-arousing hormone secreted by an empty stomach. CCK (cholecystokinin) - correct answer hormone released in the gastrointestinal system and is responsible for stimulating the digestion of fat and protein. NPY (neuropeptide Y) - correct answer neurotransmitter found in several brain areas, most notably the hypothalamus, that stimulates eating behavior and reduces metabolism, promoting positive energy balance and weight gain. Insulin - correct answer hormone produced by the pancreas that is released when blood glucose levels are high, promoting the uptake of glucose for fuel or storage as glycogen. Insulin helps keeps blood-sugar levels from getting too high, also referred to as hyperglycemia. Glucagon - correct answer hormone that is released when blood sugars decrease below a certain threshold. It stimulates the breakdown of stored glucose (glycogen) in the liver, releasing additional glucose into the bloodstream for fuel. ATP-PC system - correct answer energy system producing ATP during high intensity, short duration exercise. Phosphocreatine decomposes and releases large amount of energy used to construct ATP. provides energy for muscle contraction for up to 10 seconds. Anaerobic Glycolytic System - correct answer Glucose is used for fuel and is either blood glucose or muscle glycogen, broken down in to pyruvic acid, when there is insufficient oxygen it then is transformed into lactic acid. Energy up to 2 minutes. Aerobic Energy System - correct answer virtually unlimited capacity for making ATP, uses carbs, fat, protein for fuel. Slow to produce ATP. Lasts anywhere from 2 minutes to a few hours. Acid-Base Balance - correct answer The process of achieving, or the state of, equilibrium between acidic and alkaline molecules. Cell Signaling - correct answer Process of communication between cells by biological messengers to govern cellular function. Organic Molecules - correct answer Chemical structures containing only carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and/or nitrogen. Amino Acids - correct answer The organic building blocks of proteins containing both a carboxyl and an amino group. Essential Amino Acids (EAA) - correct answer Amino acids that are necessary for bodily functions but cannot be synthesized by the body and, therefore, must be obtained in the diet. Phenylalanine Valine Threonine Tryptophan Isoleucine Methionine Histidine Arginine* Lysine Leucine Branched Chain Amino Acid - correct answer The three essential amino acids (leucine, isoleucine, and valine) which are abundant in skeletal muscle tissue and named for their branch-like structure. conditionally essential amino acids - correct answer amino acids that are normally considered nonessential but become essential under certain circumstances when the body's need for them exceeds the ability to produce them. nonessential amino acids - correct answer amino acids that the body can synthesize & normally do not need to be obtained in the diet. protein synthesis - correct answer Process of joining amino acids with peptide bonds to form proteins. dehydration synthesis - correct answer The joining of two large molecules by removing one hydrogen from one molecule and a hydroxyl group (OH) from another molecule and then binding the two larger molecules together on the newly freed bonds. Peptide Bond - corr