ASCP Recall study questions and answers 2024

Procedure #1 detected 50/100 true positives & 100/100 true negatives. Procedure #2 detected 80/100 true positives and 70/100 true negatives. - Procedure 2 is more sensitive (refers to % of true positives that are accurately identified as positives). Specificity refers to # of true negatives identified as negative. TP/TP+FN= - Sensitivity TN/TN+FP= - Specificity What might the following indicate in urine: RBCs, WBCs, nitrite, and bacteria? - Pyelonephritis (UTI); WBCs and nitrites in urine are classical indication of bacterial infection (UTI) Why is albumin the first protein to be detected in tests for renal failure? - It's molecular size is the smallest Cortisol excess will result in: - Elevated glucose in blood; cortisol counteracts insulin What is the reason for the following discrepency? Anti A: 3+ Anti B: 3+ A1: 3+ B cells: 0 - Patient may be A2B This spiral form organism is seen in urine and cultured on fletcher's medium - Leptospira Organism that gives off a bleach-like odor in culture: - Eikenella (GN pits agar) Presence of Rheumatoid factor in blood may result in false positives for what test? - VDRL; nonspecific screening test for syphillis Disease associated with the following: increased TSH increased T3 and increased FT4: - Pituitary tumor If excess PTH is released, what woulde you find elevated amounts of in serum? - Calcium Mucoid pink colonies on plate that produce gase, indole positive, yellow/yellow on TSI - Klebsiella oxytoca (Klebsiella pneumo is indole negative) PAD positive, indole positive, organism stains gram negative. What is it? - Proteus vulgaris (p. mirabilis is indole negative) Curved gram negative bacilli. Cultured form GI tract of persons with ulcers. What test would you do to confirm its identity? - Test for Urease. Most likely H. pylori which is curved, infects GI tract, and the urease activity can cause ulcers. Enzyme controls run on a machine gives result around -3SD. Samples run on the same machine give results <1 SD. What is the problem? - Controls were left @ room temperature for several days. HIV-1 and HIV-2 combination ELISA test is positive in a patient with symptoms of immune deficiency. Western blot was inconclusive for HIV-1. What do you do next? - DO HIV-2 western blot. What are steps of PCR? - Denaturation, annealing, and transcription. RAST test detects what? - IgE to particular antigens (RIST is for total IgE) After collecting a blood sample in an EDTA tube for CBC you find that the Hct is very high (68%). What should you do next? - Report results. Always use EDTA for CBC specimens. When you conduct a procedure using fluorescence it is important to protect yourself from: - Exciting light; high energy light produced by the machine Blood was collected Nov. 1st then frozen with glycol on Nov. 5th. What is the new expiration date? - Nov. 1 10 years from now. A person was successfully treated for syphillis 12 years ago. he just came in worried about being reinfected. what would you look for in his blood? - VDRL; TPA is not correct because it can remain active for the life of the patient. Patient demonstrates positive antibody screen. You suspect either Jk(a), K or c. You know from previous history that the patient has Jk(a) antigen on their red cells. You react the patients serum with cells positive for certain antigens and see: K cells: 0, c cells: 4+. What can be concluded - You can rule out c antigen but cannot confirm absence or presence of K antigen on patients red cells. Patient producing anti-c and therefore does not have the c antigen. K did not react so patient either has K antigen or has never been exposed to K and therefore does not make antibodies to K. Urine protein chemistry dipstick detected no proteins by sulfosalicylic acid (SSA) test did detect proteins. Why? - Bence-jones proteins in urine Several immature granulocytes in PBS. What stain should be used to figure this persons problem out? - LAP Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretions (SIADH) would result in what in blood? - Deficient in sodium Fiber strands in urine resemble what under the microscope? - Hyaline casts Which of the following regulates myocyte contraction - Cardiac troponins HBA1C levels cannot always be used to monitor glucose levels in conditions such as: - Sickle cell disease; any disorder that causes RBCs to die prematurely (sickle cell, g6pd etc) will result in underestimation of HBA1C levels Strentrophomonas: - Rapid oxidizers of maltose Burr cells indicative of - Uremia Stain used for Cryptosporidium parvum - Modified trichrome stain Stomatocytes indicative of - Liver disease Acanthocytes: - Inadequate drying Group A, Le (a+, b-) person: - Lea only (no leb=no secretor gene) Antigen that deteriorates: - P antigen Lactose fermenter, ODC positive, lysine negative: - Enterobacter cloacae Gm positive bacilli that is catalase positive and nonmotile: - Cornybacterium RBCs on strip but none in scope - Dilute alkaline urine PPT normal for normal and abnormal controls: - Replace thromboplastin reagent 18.5% retics, picture of pappenheimer bodies: - Stain with prussian blue What happens in Adrenal cushings disease? - Increased cortisol and decreased ACTH Increased calcium and normal PTH indicates - Metastisized carcinoma (parathyroid tumor) Normocytic normochromic anemia, WBC and pH normal. Retic 1%. - Red cell aplasia Calibration of blood gas analyzer: - 2 buffers with known pH and constant temperatures Monocytosis: - TB