CHM 2046 General chemistry 2 ch. 14 part 1 learning objectives summary

Exam ②


Ch 14
1


: ACIDs & BASEs
.




1. Identify chemicals that are common acids or common bases
2. Compare and contrast the Arrhenius and Bronsted-Lowry definitions for acids and bases
3. Define and give examples of amphoteric substances
4. Given any acid or base, identify its conjugate base or conjugate acid
in (ay)
ArrHENIUs definition
1 citat
Acid H+
.
1 produces HA(aq) -A 19q) + H' cas)

I
:



# (e)
lay
Base :
produces OH-in 199) BUH (19) - B-
+

(ag) + OH-19y)
STRONG

Ad

↑
2 BRONSTED-LOWRY definition He Ole) Az 1)
+
(1 19G) Amphoteric substance that
protons
He caq
dono
-


-
.
-> :
-
:
can
conjugaled
-




o act as basea acid ?
BASE
conjugaed acid
↳ like H20
WEAK
↓
Base At proton acceptor
: NHz (44)
-
+ He0(l) = NHut (g) +
OH-(0g)
conjugated Ton
Jugal
-




BASE ACID o

ACID


-
13 Lewis definition
.
>
- elec .
transport ( CONJUGATE ACID-BASE PAIR [substances related to each other
:
by an I" transfer
acid/base the weau the
>
- The
stronge the
conjugate a viceversat
5. Differentiate monoprotic, diprotic and triprotic acids
d ↓ d
1 ionizable H ionitable H Sionizable It
Y "1-by-1" (steps
2 donate
(HU) (HaSUn) (HzPOy)

6. Relate the autoionization of water concept to the relative concentration of H3O+ and OH- in
any aqueous solution
7. Given any one of the following: pH, pOH, [H3O+] and [OH-], be able to solve for any of the
other three and be able to indicate whether the solution is acidic, basic or neutral
AUTOlONIATION of 120 molewles
· :
Oxn
transferring H to Yield Ha OH- AUTOINIZATION CONSTANT



K COHS CH30 (e) HeU(e)
-> HgOtag OH INA
-
=
+
·




-




PH I
=
14

[H30 ]
+
= 10-14


[OH-] (1307] BASK pHa7
NEUTRA) pH =
7
[OH] CH30"=




[OHY <
CHgO"] ACIDIC pHa7
pH 0 [Hz0 ] 1
+
= =



14
pH pOH
+ =