HESI A2 Biology Practice Questions 2024

HESI A2 Biology Practice Questions 2024 Which of the following is a correct description of metaphase during mitosis? chromosomes align along the center of the cell Where can ribosomes be found inside of a eukaryotic cell? on the rough endoplasmic reticulum and in the cytoplasm What is the role of the golgi apparatus in the eukaryotic cell? to package and process materials for transport Which best describes the bonds between atoms within a water molecule? polar covalent Which of the following is the MOST inclusive category in the hierarchical organizational system for nomenclature? kingdom During which phase of the eukaryotic cell cycle is DNA replicated? S Interphase includes what phases? G1, S, & G2 What phase does cell growth occur? G1 & G2 What does M phase include? mitosis & cytokinesis Which of the following processes begins with a diploid cell and ends in the formation of diploid cells? mitosis only Which of the following types of cell results from cell division by meiosis? sperm cell What are the products of the Krebs cycle? CO2, ATP, & NADH what does glycolysis break down to produce? NADH, ATP, & pyruvate What does photosynthesis result in the formation of? O2 & glucose The plasma membrane of a cell is composed of: a bilayer of phospholipids with proteins inserted Which of the following activities does NOT lead to ATP production? Calvin cycle Which of the following is an example of a heterozygous genotype? Tt The alternate versions of a single gene are known as: alleles For a trait that shows a simple dominance inheritance pattern, which genotypes will result in the individual having the dominant phenotype? RR & Rr The term that describes a phospholipid having both a hydrophilic end and a hydrophobic end: amphipathic Which type of large biological molecule is correctly matched with the type of small molecule that composes it? Carbohydrates: sugars What process synthesizes mRNA using DNA as the template? transcription Which of the following is a typical base pair seen in double-stranded DNA? A with T If an individual who is homozygous dominant for a given trait is crossed with an individual who is homozygous recessive for the same trait, what percentage of offspring should show the recessive phenotype? assume simple dominance inheritance pattern 0% What term refers to when one gene influences multiple seemingly unrelated phenotypic traits? pleiotropy which parts of two complementary nucleotides interact with each other in a double-stranded DNA molecule? nitrogenous bases glycolysis is the conversion of ____________ to ___________ glucose, pyruvate During which step of cellular respiration is NADH oxidized to produce ATP and water? electron transport chain for every glucose molecule that undergoes cellular respiration, approximately how many ATP molecules can be produced? 32 to 36 Which cellular structure is the location of protein synthesis in a eukaryotic cell? ribosome A statement or explanation of certain events is called a: hypothesis Which of the following correctly compares the molecular orientation of molecules in liquid versus solid water (ice)? the water molecules are more spread out in ice than they are in liquid water what is the difference between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids? saturated fatty acids contain no double bonds, unlike unsaturated fatty acids what component of animal fats cause them to solidify at room temp? saturated fatty acids How do large bodies of water moderate climate? water stabilizes climate due to its high spe