SLE biology Study Guide - Lecture Test 1 Biology 101 - Chapters 1, 2, 3 4.1-4.5, 6.3, 6.4, 11.6, 15.1, 15.3 Already Passed

SLE biology Study Guide - Lecture Test 1 Biology 101 - Chapters 1, 2, 3 4.1-4.5, 6.3, 6.4, 11.6, 15.1, 15.3 Already Passed Explain Dr. Semmelweis' investigation of the cause of childbed fever. What conclusion did he come to? How is his way of thinking about this issue relevant today? His goal was to find the cause of childbed fever. He tested many causes through trial and error. He tested ventilation, the change in the birthing position, trained males to be gentler, and washing of hands and tools. He found the cause of childbed fever due to his male colleague dying of childbed fever. His colleague was cut by a scalpel during an autopsy on a woman who died from childbed fever. Semmelweis conclusion was if cadaverous particles (germs and bacteria) on the hands of doctors caused childbed fever, them more hand and tool washing would reduce the disease. We all wash our hands to decrease of chance of getting sick, but doctors now wear sterile clothes, masks, and gloves. Doctors also used sterile tools when working with a patient. What major contribution to our understanding of biology did Dr. Robert Koch make? How did Koch provide evidence for the cause of anthrax? Dr. Robert Koch gave us germ theory of disease. He provides evidence by testing mice with injections of blood of animals that had anthrax. What is scientific learning dependent on and how does it advance our knowledge of the natural world? What kind of questions can science answer? Compare science to pseudoscience. It is dependent on cause and effect. Science can answer anything that can we tested. Science is evidence based and testable. Pseudoscience (fake science) makes assumption not based on evidence. What are the steps of the scientific method? How would one set up a good scientific experiment? How does one go about evaluating hypotheses? What would increase one's confidence in a hypothesis? Steps: 1. Observation and facts 2. Hypotheses 3. Predictions 4. Hypothesis testing 5. Evaluation and interpretation of results. Scientific method is usually done with a controlled experiment in which a scientist keeps all variables the same except the one under investigation. Hypothesis possible cause or mechanism that could explain observation and facts. To increase one's confidence more testing that proves one's hypothesis. Get expected results from the experiment. What is the meaning of the "infidelity gene"? Infidelity gene is the popular name for an allele of the AVPRIa gene, which controls production of a protein responsible for transporting the hormone arginine vasopressin from the bloodstream to the nerve cell. This particular allele produces less protein and so transports less hormone, which some scientists believe results in less interest in a mate. Why is it helpful for you to know something about biology? Understanding biology allows to make decisions that are right for you. What are the four main features of life? a.Evolution b.Inheritance and Reproduction c.Metabolism d.Diversity Define metabolism. Metabolism: All living organisms take in food and uses it in a way that promotes survival and reproduction. Define evolution Evolution: All living organism are related, and all species change over time. Diversity is related to what other important concept? Diversity is related to evolution. Diversity contains patterns that confirm life's' evolutionary past Be able to identify components to living systems from smallest to largest. a. Atom b. Molecules c. Macromolecules d. Organelles