EDF Assessment 2

EDF Assessment 2 Attention Mia hits her head with a closed fist when her one-on-one teaching assistant leaves her side to interact with another student. Usually, when Mia does this, her teaching assistant returns to her side, asks her to stop hitting herself, and soothes her. She rarely engages in head hitting when her assistant works directly with her. Which function should most likely be tested? Escape and/or tangible Charles spits on his teacher when he prompts him to complete a toothbrushing task. For obvious reasons, this behavior really grosses out the teacher, who refuses to work with him when he behaves like this. When Charles spits on him, the teacher walks away and allows Charles to leave the toothbrushing task and go to the computer to calm down. As long as he is playing on the computer, he rarely spits on his teacher. Which synthesized contingency should be considered in a functional analysis? When the cause-and-effect relation between environmental effects and behavior can be determined, that relation can be altered to improve behavior On a practical level, FBA is important for prevention of and intervention for problem behavior because: Functional analysis, descriptive assessment, and indirect assessment There are at least three forms of FBA. They are: Functional Analysis Which methods of FBA allow you to confirm hypotheses regarding the function of problem behavior? Direct observation of behavior made under naturally occurring conditions Which of the following describes a descriptive functional behavior assessment? - It can be time-consuming to perform - It may be misleading in that it can identify environmental variables that occur in close proximity to the problem behavior but that are not causally related to the problem behavior - It may not be a very reliable measure of problem behavior and environmental events - ALL ARE CORRECT A limitation of descriptive assessment is: ABC Continuous Recording Ms. Frieder, who teaches fifth grade at Franklin Elementary School, decides to conduct a descriptive FBA for Amelia. Amelia has been refusing to do her schoolwork lately and has been ripping up her worksheets on a daily basis. Ms. Frieder creates a form on which she will mark specific antecedents and consequences that precede and follow Amelia's work refusals. For antecedents, she will mark one of the following: Math work given, reading work given, spelling work given, error correction given, work that requires writing given. For consequences, she will mark one of the following: verbal reprimand, another worksheet (same worksheet) provided, another worksheet (different worksheet) provided, time out, ignore. She will record these environmental events, whether or not a problem behavior occurs. What kind of descriptive assessment is Ms. Frieder conducting? The function of the problem behavior remains unclear Ms. Carmichael is conducting a FBA for Jamal, a boy in her class who runs away from activities and teachers. Ms. Carmichael began by interviewing her teaching assistants and by participating in the conversation with them to define the target behavior and to determine what antecedents and consequences she would watch for during her ABC assessment. Ms. Carmichael completes her ABC assessment and finds that running away from tasks and materials occurs most frequently when difficult tasks are presented and that the most common consequence for this behavior is a teacher chasing after him and returning him to the classroom. Sometimes he is required to return to the task and sometimes he is allowed to do a different activity when he comes back to the classroom. What can be concluded from this descriptive assessment? To test hypotheses generated via indirect and descriptive assessments The primary reason for conducting a functional analysis is: They are conducted within analog conditions that represent naturally occurring routinesThey are conducted within analog conditions that represent naturally occurring routines Characteristics of functional analysis include: He should remove the task materials and turn away from Ian for a short period of time Mr. Moon is conducting a functional analysis with Ian, who kicks his teachers frequently. Mr. Moon is implementing a contingent escape condition. He prompts Ian to engage in a difficult task. Ian kicks Mr. Moon in the shin. How should Mr. Moon respond if he is to implement the contingent escape condition correctly? Both social positive reinforcement and social negative reinforcement Look at the following graph from a functional analysis of Sammy's biting. What would you conclude is the function of Sammy's biting? Direct observation of the problem behavior in relation to events under naturally occurring conditions. A descriptive functional behavior assessment involves: Social positive reinforcement Look at the graph from a functional analysis of Michael's head hitting. What would you conclude is the function of Michael's head hitting? Escape Lindsey attempts to bite another student every time her teacher takes out the math materials. When Lindsey attempts to bite another student her one-to-one paraprofessional takes her on a walk to calm her down. By the time Lindsey is calm math is over and it is time for her favorite subject, reading. She doesn't attempt to bite any other time of the day. What is the most likely function of Lindsey's biting behavior? Automatic reinforcement Look at the following graph from a functional analysis of Brittany's eye poking. What would you conclude is the function of Brittany's eye poking? Undifferentiated pattern Look at the following graph from a functional analysis of Laurie's mouthing. What would you conclude is the function of Laurie's mouthing? Negative reinforcement Look at the following graph from a functional analysis of Tony's floor dropping. What would you conclude is the function of Tony's dropping to the floor? False Problem behaviors are a symptom of autism spectrum disorder. False Very few studies have looked at functional analyses in the behavior analytic literature. True Descriptive assessments yield corollary results that are often spurious. True The most studied component of ABA is the functional analysis. True Control is a common reinforcer for humans. test; control According to Hanley's functional analysis procedures, the __________ condition contains the contingency thought to maintain severe problem behavior and the __________ condition does not contain the contingency thought to maintain severe problem behavior. True According to Hanley's procedures for selecting contingencies for a functional analysis, it is acceptable to test multiple contingencies in the same condition, if they are suspected to work in concert with maintaining the problem behavior. Interview informed synthesized contingency analysis Hanley's assessment process, IISCA, is an acronym for: - Opening your email and your facebook account - Pressing an upper case icon and a lower case icon with your finger - Texting with your right or left hand (This one I think) An example of a functionally equivalent behavior: Getting a skittle for answering a question Which of the following is an example of a contrived contingency? Target behavior A subject's specific behavior that is identified for change is called the: Interviewing significant others In which method of obtaining assessment information would you gather information from parents, classmates, and/or co-workers? functional The relevance of behavior rule refers to selecting target behaviors which are: Line graph What is the most commonly used graphic format for the display of data in applied behavior analysis: Data path What is created by connecting successive data points within a given phase or condition with a straight line: 2:3 On most graphs, the proportion of the vertical axis to the horizontal axis should be approximately: False It is acceptable to label the x-axis with session numbers. quantitative measure; time unit An essential structure of the line graph requires the vertical axis (y axis) to be labeled with a __________ and the horizontal axis (x-axis) to be labeled with a __________. True "Analysis" of behavior is only complete when all variability surrounding a measured response and the controlling factors of the environment is accounted for. False Through careful design, we can control behavior. True Steady state of responding can be defined as a schedule-controlled behavior that is stable and does not change over time. knowledge of specific arrangements of environmental variables to bring about desired behavior What is needed to develop a systematic and useful technology of behavior change: empiricism philosophic doubt determinism VARIABILITY -- parsimony Which of the following is not one of the five attitudes of science: A functional relation What is said to exist when research reveal that an event can be made to happen