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Samenvatting Scheikunde | Hoofdstuk 10 - Analyse | Chemie Overal (5 vwo)

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Een samenvatting van Hoofdstuk 10 - Analyse van Chemie Overal (5 vwo), bevat: • Elk paragraaf (verdeeld in overzichtelijke tussenkopjes), • Foto's, • Formules, • Binas-tabellen (nummer + onderwerp).

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©SeO
1

, Inhoudsopgave
10.1 – Spectroscopie ...................................................................................... 3
Elektromagnetische straling ................................................................................................... 3
Spectra.................................................................................................................................... 4
Energieniveaus ....................................................................................................................... 5

10.2 Kwalitatieve analyse ............................................................................... 6
Infrarood Spectrometrie ........................................................................................................ 6
Analyse van ir-spectrum ......................................................................................................... 7
UV/VIS-spectrometrie ............................................................................................................ 8

10.3 Kwantitatieve analyse ............................................................................ 9
De spectrofotometer .............................................................................................................. 9
Transmissie en absorptie...................................................................................................... 10
Verband tussen transmissie en extinctie (Wet van Lambert-Beer) ..................................... 10
IJkreeks ................................................................................................................................. 10
Kwantificeren ....................................................................................................................... 11

10.4 Chromatografie .....................................................................................12
Papierchromatografie .......................................................................................................... 12
Dunnelaagchromatografie ................................................................................................... 12
Principe van de scheiding bij chromatografie ...................................................................... 13
Kolomchromatografie .......................................................................................................... 14
Analyse van het chromatograaf ........................................................................................... 16

10.5 Massaspectrometrie ..............................................................................17
Massaspectrometrie............................................................................................................. 17
Kwalitatieve analyse ............................................................................................................. 18
Kwantitatieve analyse .......................................................................................................... 18

Binas-tabellen ...............................................................................................19




©SeO
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, 10.1 – Spectroscopie
Onderzoeksmethoden
m.b.v. Reactie m.b.v. Licht
Titraties, aantonen van stoffen met reagentia Hoofdstuk 10


Elektromagnetische straling
*Binas tabel 19B
Elektromagnetische straling:
• Beweegt met de lichtsnelheid (c): 3 ∙ 108 m/s
• Bevat energie (energiepakketjes: fotonen)
• Heeft een golflengte (top tot top, meestal in nm = 10−9 m)
ℎ∙𝑐
E𝑓𝑜𝑡𝑜𝑛 = = ℎ ∙ 𝑓
λ
• h = Constante van Planck (6,63 ∙ 10‐34 J ∙ s)
• c = Lichtsnelheid (2,998 ∙ 108 m/s)
• λ = Golflengte (in m)
• f = Frequentie (in Hz)
Kortere golflengte (hogere frequentie) → Grotere fotonenergie → Schadelijker voor weefsel
Er zijn 2 soorten licht:
• Monochromatisch licht
Licht van maar één kleur, dus één golflengte, dus één fotonenergie.

• Polychromatisch licht
Licht van meerdere golflengtes, maar wordt waargenomen als één kleur:
Optelsom van de verschillende monochromatische kleuren.




©SeO
3

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