Bio 1201 exam 2 gregg Exam Questions With 100% Correct Answers

Bio 1201 exam 2 gregg Exam Questions With 100% Correct Answers transport proteins - answerare responsible for controlling passage across the membrane fluid mosaic model - answerThe membrane is a mosaic of protein molecules bobbing in a fluid bilayer of phospholipids fatty acid tails - answernonpolar, hydrophobic fatty acid heads - answerhydrophilic, polar periphial proteins - answerbound to the surface of the membrane integral proteins - answerpenetrate the hydrophobic core (ones that span the membrane are transmembrane protiens How do cells recognize each other? - answerby binding to molecules, often containing carbohydrates, on the extracellular surface of the plasma membrane Glycolipids - answerMembrane carbohydrates that are covalently bonded to lipids. Hypdrophobic - answermolecules such as hydrocarbons that can dissolve in the lipid bilayer and pass through the membrane rapidly Hydrophilic - answermolecules that don't cross the membrane easily (ions and polar molecules) transport proteins - answerallow passage of hydrophilic substances across the membrane carrier proteins - answerbind to molecules and change shape to shuttle them across the membrane passive transport - answerthe diffusion of a substance across a membrane with no energy investment Diffusuion - answerSpreading out of particles away from each other, from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. (move to where space is available) concentation gradient - answersubstances diffuse from high concentration---- low concentration Osmosis - answerDiffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane Isotonic - answerwhen the concentration of two solutions is the same (no net movement) Hypertonic - answercell losses water and shrivils hypertonic - answercell gains water and expands In a plant cell water moves in and out affecting the size of what? - answercentral vacuole facilitated diffusion - answerthe transport of substances through a cell membrane along a concentration gradient with the aid of carrier proteins ion channels - answerchannel proteins that transport ions gated channels - answeropen or close in response to a stimulus active transport - answerrequires energy (ATP) to move substances against their concentration gradient cotransport - answercoupled transport by a membrane protein transport proteins - answersmall molecules leave through the lipid bilayer via___________? Phagocytosis - answerCell eating Pinocytosis - answerCell drinking hydrophilic tails - answerIf a plasma membrane were compared to a sandwich, __________ would be considered the filling Metabolism - answerAll of the chemical reactions that occur within an organism active transport - answercytoplasm of cell has a higher concentration of k+ ions. How will K+ ions enter the cell? metabolic pathway - answerBegins with a specific molecule, which is then altered in a series of defined steps, resulting in a certain product. Energy - answerthe capacity to cause change Law of Conservation of Energy - answerthe law that states that energy cannot be created or destroyed but can be changed from one form to another second law of thermodynamics - answerEvery energy transfer or transformation increases the entropy of the universe.