CCI RCS Study Guide All Answers Correct

CCI RCS Study Guide All Answers Correct Cavitation is ️The creation or vibration of small gas filled bodies by the ultrasound beam. (Tends to occur only with higher-intensity exposures. The 6 intensities from highest to lowest are ️1.) SPTP 4.) SATP 2.)SPPA 5.) SAPA 3.)SPTA 6.) SATA What tricuspid valve leaflets are noted in PLAX? ️Anterior and medial/septal posterior. Formula for calculating EF? ️EF% = (sv/edv) x 100% Stroke Volume (SV) formula ️EDV - ESV What is stroke volume (SV)? ️Amount of blood pumped out of each ventricle during a single heart beat. What is the chiari network? ️Network of fibers originating from eustachian valve. Where can the chiari network be found ️Right atria What is the most anterior chamber of the heart? ️Right ventricle Which pair of intensities has the lowest value? ️SATA (spatial average and temporal average) Where is the Eustachian valve located ? ️In between the IVC and the right atrium. What's another name for the Right Ventricular Outflow Tract (RVOT) ? ️Infundibulum Where is the coronary sinus located in relation to the descending aorta? ️Anterior The three cusps of the tricuspid valve are? ️Anterior Medial Posterior What's the two main layers of the pericardium? ️1.) Visceral = lies directly upon external surface of the heart and is commonly referred to as the epicardium. 2,) Parietal = or fibrous pericardium is the thick outer sac. *The pericardial cavity lies between these two layers. What is the normal pressure for the right ventricle ? ️25/5 mmHg What is the normal pressure for the pulmonary artery? ️25/10 mmHg What is the normal pressure for the left atrium? ️10mmHg What is the normal pressure for the aorta ? ️120/80 mmHg What are the two cusps of the mitral valve ? ️Anterior (long) and the posterior (short) When is the left ventricular pressure the lowest? ️Early diastole What is Becks Triad and what does it cause? ️AKA cardiac tamponade. Causes an elevated pressure in heart, hypotension and a quiet heart What are the effects of pulmonary HTN ? ️Dilated pulmonary artery Severe TR RV dilation What happens to the size of an aneurysm during systole? ️It increases In patients with A-Fib which heart sound would be missing ? ️Fourth What is the normal O2 saturation of the left heart ? ️98% What is cardiac output? ️It is the total amount of blood ejected per minute. *cardiac output = stroke volume x HR *normal cardiac output = 4-8 liters/minute Effects of left side heart failure ️Blood backs up to lungs and patient has shortness of breath What part of the heart is affected when there is pulmonary edema ? ️Left side of heart What is the primary cause of Congestive Heart Failure? ️Systolic dysfunction. What part of the heart is affected when there is peripheral edema? ️Right side of the heart When the foremen ovale closes after birth due to increased left atrial pressure the spot it was located is now called? ️Fossa ovalis Mitral regurge hemodynamic evaluation is done in ? ️Systole Aortic stenosis evaluation is done in? ️Systole Tricuspid stenosis evaluation is done in ? ️Diastole What is Dresslers syndrome ? ️Pericardial effusion after myocardial infarction Is left atrial thrombus common in patients with mitral stenosis? ️Yes, especially in appendage What are 3 factors affecting stroke volume? ️Preload, after-load, contractility What is fractional shortening? ️It is the fraction of any diastolic dimension that is lost in systole. *normal range = 25-45% If a patient has a stroke volume of 70ml and a heart rate of 90bpm what would be their cardiac output? ️Cardiac Output= Stroke volume x heart rate 70ml x 90bpm = 630ml/minute What is QP and QS? ️QP= pulmonary circulatory flow QS= systemic circulatory flow Atrial septal defect surgery is mainly considered when the QP/QS ratio exceed? ️1:5 *normal = 1:1 What are the 2 most common encountered congenital heart lesions diagnosed in adults ? ️Atrial septal defect Bicuspid aortic valve What chamber of the heart would be greater affected in patients with ventricular septal defects and left to right shunting? ️Right atrium A patient with a higher blood pressure in the right arm than the left arm may have? ️Coarctation of aorta How is a 2-d image of a phased array transducer created? ️Sequentially activating a series of adjacent crystals to angular the ultrasound beam What is a heterograph/ xenograph? ️Other names of bioprosthetic valves transferred from animals to humans. What are three types of bioprosthetic valves? ️Mechanical Bovine Porcine What is a porcine bioprosthetic valve? ️A heart valve from a pig What is a bovine bioprosthetic valve? ️A heart valve from a cow. Define pannus ️Tissue overgrowth How long do bioprosthetic valves last in comparison to mechanical valves? ️Bioprosthetic valves = 10 12 years Mechanical valves = up to 20 years Define myxoma ️Most common benign cardiac tumor found in adults. What would you do to prevent "ghosting" ️Increase wall filter What ultrasound setting has the most impact on color Doppler jet size? ️Gain Which of the following choices would not be used correct for pulsed wave Doppler aliasing? ️A.) shi