ABCP BOARDS EXAM TEST QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE 2023

ABCP BOARDS EXAM TEST QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE 2023 how much volume is in RBCs? - ANSWER 300ml how long can RBCs be stored? - ANSWER 35 days what is the usual HCT of RBCs? - ANSWER 70% what is the volume of FFP? - ANSWER 220ml how long can FFP be stored? - ANSWER 1 year how much volume is platelets - ANSWER 30-50 ml how long can platelets be stored? - ANSWER 3 days what would be the reason to administer pRBCs? - ANSWER reduced hct requiring transfusion what would be the reason to administer whole blood? - ANSWER massive blood loss what would be the reason to adminster platelets? - ANSWER -thrombocytopenia (common after bypass) -platelet functiton abnormality what would be the reason to adminster FFP? - ANSWER clotting deficiencies what would be the reason to adminster cryoprecipitate (cryo)? - ANSWER -hemophilia (bleeding disorder) -von willebrands disease (bleeding disorder due to low levels of clotting protein) -hypofibrinogenemia (low plasma fibrin) -factor XIII deficiency what would be the reason to adminster albumin? - ANSWER -hypoproteinemia -decreased colloid osmotic pressure -volume expander -low reservior volume not due to something else what would be the reason to adminster leukocyte-poor red blood cells? - ANSWER -to prevent rxns from leukocyte antibodies -patients who are candidates for organ transplants what is the cause of acute hemolytic reaction due to blood transfusion? time of rxn? - ANSWER incompatibility of blood types immediate what is the cause of allergic reaction due to blood transfusion? time of rxn? - ANSWER antigen transfer less than 30 min what is the cause of delayed hemolytic reaction due to blood transfusion? time of rxn? - ANSWER immune response days or weeks later what is the cause of febrile reaction due to blood transfusion? time of rxn? - ANSWER reaction of antigen 30-90 min what is the cause of graft vs host disease reaction due to blood transfusion? time of rxn? - ANSWER WBCs given to an immunodeficient individual delayed what is the cause of non-cardiac PE reaction due to blood transfusion? time of rxn? - ANSWER donor antibodies react with recipient HLA antigen Immediate to a few min what are the three phases to the formation of a clot - ANSWER phase 1: vascular phase - vasoconstriction at the site of injury phase 2: formation of a platelet plug at the site of injury phase 3: involves clotting factors and cascade which clotting pathway is initated by contact of a foreign surface? - ANSWER the intrinsic pathway which clotting pathway is initated by tissue injury? - ANSWER the extrinsic pathway liver disease increases or decreases clotting factors? - ANSWER decreases what are constantly dissolving clots? - ANSWER plasma proteins fibrinolysins plasmins what clotting factors are dependent on vitamin K? - ANSWER II, VII, IX, X (2, 7, 9, 10) Deficiency of what vitamin results in blood disorders? - ANSWER vitamin K Factor I - ANSWER fibrinogen factor II - ANSWER Prothrombin factor III - ANSWER thromboplastin factor IV - ANSWER calcium factor V - ANSWER proaccelerin / Labile factor VI - ANSWER no name factor VII - ANSWER proconvertin, stable factor factor VIII - ANSWER antihemophilic A factor IX - ANSWER antihemophilic B, christmas factor, plasma thromboplastin factor X - ANSWER Stuart-Prower factor factor XI - ANSWER Plasma thromboplastin antecedent factor XII - ANSWER Hageman factor factor XIII - ANSWER Fibrin stabilizing factor Which factors are apart of the intrinsic pathway? - ANSWER XII, XI, IX, VIII (12, 11, 9, 8) Which factors are apart of the intrinsic pathway? - ANSWER III, VII (3 and 7) which factors are apart of the common pathway? - ANSWER X, V, II, I, XIII (10, 5, 2, 1, 13) where is calcium found in the clotting cascade? - ANSWER in all pathways and at many stages What does heparin bind to? - ANSWER Antithrombin III "ATIII" What does ATIII inhibit? - ANSWER thrombin formation from prothrombin(factor II) fibrin formation from fibrinogen (factor I) what is the half life of heparin? - ANSWER 1-2 hours does hypothermia increase or decrease heparins half life? what happens during rewarming? - ANSWER hypo: increase hyper: the half life is decrease how is heparin eliminated? - ANSWER kidneys (renal)