MLT ASCP Practice Questions With Complete Solutions (With Rationale)

MLT ASCP Practice Questions With Complete Solutions (With Rationale) Which ethnic group has the highest incidence of hereditary hemochromatosis in the United States? A. Caucasians of Celtic descent B. African Americans C. Persons of Mediterranean descent D. Hispanics (Answer: - A; In the US, Caucasians of Celtic descent have the highest incidence of hereditary hemochromatosis. True/False Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) susceptibility tests should be performed against other beta lactam antibiotics on important S. pneumoniae isolates from blood cultures and other sterile body fluids when a MIC for penicillin is performed. (Answer: - False; The MIC susceptibility test results obtained for penicillin also are predictive for ampicillin, cefotaxime, imipenem, and other beta-lactam antibiotics, precluding the necessity for performing specific tests against these drugs. Auer rods may be seen in blasts of all the following conditions EXCEPT: A. Acute Myelomonocytic leukemia (M4) B. Acute lymphocytic leukemia (Ll, L2, L3) C. Acute myelocytic leukemia (M1, M2) D. Acute promyelocytic leukemia (M3) (Answer: - B; Auer rods are typically only found in myeloblasts. Therefore in lymphocytic leukemia with lymphoblasts, Auer rods would not be seen. The condition which is highly associated with the oval-macrocytes and hypersegmented neutrophils found in this image is: A. Sideroblastic Anemia B. Megaloblastic Anemia C. Iron Deficiency Anemia D. Malarial Infection (Answer: - B; The correct response is megaloblastic anemia. A diagnosis of megaloblastic anemia can be made on the basis of the presence of hypersegmented neutrophils and oval macrocytes in the blood or of typical megaloblasts in the marrow. These features are absent in patients with sideroblastic and iron deficiency anemias as well as those with parasitic malarial infections. In this condition, the macrocytes tend to be round and oval. Polychromatophilia and reticulocytosis may be prominent as well. Once Fresh Frozen Plasma has been thawed at 30 - 37oC, it should be stored at what temperature? A. 1-6 ºC B. 30 - 37 ºC C. 20 - 24º C D. 45- 56º C (Answer: - A; Thawed Fresh Frozen Plasma can be stored at 1 - 6oC for 1 to 5 days. It should be relabeled as "Thawed Plasma" and used for replacement therapy only in patients requiring stable clotting factors. This member of the Enterobacteriacea gave these reactions: TSIA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A/A, gas (+), no H2S Ornithine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Negative Lysine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Positive Citrate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Positive Urea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Positive Phenylalanine . . . . . . . . . . Negative Motility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Negative This organism is identified as: A. Enterobacter cloacae B. Klebsiella pneumoniae C. Escherichia coli D. Yersinia enterocolitica (Answer: - B; Klebsiella pneumoniae is the correct answer. Enterobacter cloacae is ornithine positive and motile. Escherichia coli is ornithine positive, citrate negative and motile. Yersinia enterocolitica is lysine negative and citrate negative. The arrows in the images below indicate cells that may be observed in CSF samples. Identify the cell (Answer: - Presumptive malignant cells; Note the large size of the cells, the high nuclear:cytoplasm ratio, vacuolation, and nuclear irregularities. The arrows in the images below indicate cells that may be observed in CSF samples. Identify the cell (Answer: - Lymphocytes; Chromatin is dense and the cells are normal in size. The arrows in the images below indicate cells that may be observed in CSF samples. Identify the cell (Answer: - Choroidal cells; a clump of choroidal cells. These are cells that line the choroid plexus and may be shed into the CSF. They are not diagnostically significant. The arrows in the images below indicate cells that may be observed in CSF samples. Identify the cell (Answer: - Monomacrophages; The cells have abundant cytoplasm with a lacy appearance. A microliter is equal to: A. 1000 ml B. 1/1000 liter C. 100 ml D. 1/1000 ml (Answer: - D; 1/1000 ml or .001 ml The following urine test results were obtained from a 6-month-old African American infant who experiences vomiting and diarrhea after milk ingestion and has failed to gain weight: pH: 5.0 Protein: Negative Glucose: Negative Ketones: Negative Blood: Negative Bilirubin: Negative Nitrite: Negative Urobilinogen: 0.1 EU/dL Clinitest: 2+ These results are clinically significant in which of the following disorders? A. Diabetes mellitus B. Lactose intolerance C. Galactosemia D. Cystic fibrosis (Answer: - C; Galactosemia is an inherited metabolic disorder that affects an individual's ability to metabolize the sugar galactose effectively. Infants affected by galactosemia typically present with symptoms of lethargy, vomiting, diarrhea, failure to thrive, and jaundice. The presence of galactose in the urine sample is not picked up by the glucose pad on the urine test strip, however, the clinitest result is positive since it can detect different sugars in the urine, including galactose. Diabetes mellitus, and cystic fibrosis would not be associated with the findings in this case; especially the positive clinitest result. In addition, the clinical symptoms and patient age differentiates lactose intolerance from galactosemia. True lactose intolerance will usually not become symptomatic in children until they are at least 3 years old (usually after age 7). Also, lactose intolerance is associated with diarrhea, but not closely associated with vomiting.