HCB TEST 4 Exam Questions With Verified Answers

HCB TEST 4 Exam Questions With Verified Answers what is the purpose of the respiratory system? - answerventilate and oxygenate the remaining body systems and tissues airway - answerpassageway by which air enters and leaves the body. includes the nose, mouth, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi and lungs alveolar ventilation - answerthe amount of air that reaches the alveoli artificial ventilation - answerforcing air or oxygen into the lungs when a patient has stopped breathing or has inadequate breathing (positive pressure ventilation) apnea - answerno breathing bronchoconstriction - answercontraction of smooth muscle that lines the bronchial passages that results in a decreased internal diameter of the airway and increased resistance to airflow cellular respiration - answerexchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between cells and circulating blood cyanosis - answerblush color of the skin due to insufficient oxygen levels in the blood diffusion - answerprocess by which molecules move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration dyspnea - answerdifficult or labored breathing; shortness of breath flail chest - answerfracture of two or more adjacent ribs in two or more places that allows for free movement of the fractured segment flowmeter - answervalve that indicated the flow of oxygen reaching the tissues of the body hypoxia - answerdeficiency of oxygen reaching the tissues of the body intercostal - answersituated or extending between the ribs nasopharyngeal airway - answerflexible breathing tube inserted through the patient's nostril into the pharynx to help maintain an open airway oropharyngeal airway - answercurved device inserted through the patient's mouth into the pharynx to help maintain an open airway paradoxical motion - answermovement of ribs in flail segment that is opposite to the direction of movement of the rest of the chest cavity patent airway - answerairway that is open and clear and will remain open and clear without interference to the passage of air into and out of the body pressure regulator - answerdevice connected to an oxygen cylinder to reduce pressure, so it is safe for delivery of oxygen to a patient pulmonary respiration - answerexchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the alveoli and circulating blood in the pulmonary capillaries respiratory arrest - answerwhen breathing stops completely respiratory distress - answerincreased work of breathing; a sensation of shortness of breath (doesn't need ventilation) respiratory failure - answerreduction of breathing to the point where oxygen intake is not sufficient enough to support life (needs ventilation) retractions - answerpulling in the skin and soft tissue between the ribs when breathing upper airway - answerair enters the body through the mouth and nose. posterior and inferior to the mouth and nasal passages, air enters the pharynx what are the three regions of the pharynx? - answeroropharynx, nasopharynx, laryngopharynx oropharynx - answerwhere the oral cavity joins the pharynx nasopharynx - answerwhere the nasal passages empty into the pharynx laryngopharynx - answerstructures surrounding the entrance to the trachea; point of division between the upper airway and the lower airway what is the entry point into the larynx called? - answerglottis opening epiglottis - answerlarge leaf-like structure that protects the glottis to prevent food and foreign objects from entering the trachea lower airway - answerbegins below the larynx and is composed of the trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, and the alveoli trachea - answertube protected by 16 sings of cartilage where does the trachea branch off into two mainstream bronchi? - answerat the carina all air passages are supported by what and lined with what? - answercartilage and smooth muscles what does smooth muscle do? - answerallows the bronchioles to change their diameter in response to specific stimulation the bronchi branch further into smaller and smaller air passages called what? - answerbronchiole