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  • Human Anatomy And Physiology 2nd Edition Amerman
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Amerman A&P Ch. 10 Muscle Tissue and Physiology

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Amerman A&P Ch. 10 Muscle Tissue and Physiology three types of muscle tissue and common function to each - ANS common function: create muscle tension skeletal cardiac smooth other functions of muscle tissue - ANS 1) create movement 2) maintain posture 3) stabilize joints 4) generate heat 5) regulate flow of stuff through hollow organs skeletal muscle tissue orientation and length - ANS muscle cells arranged parallel to each other, some are very long characteristics of skeletal muscle tissue - ANS - long fibers - multinucleated - voluntary contractions characteristics of cardiac muscle - ANS - only in heart - short and highly branched - one to two nuclei - intercalated discs join cells - involuntary function of intercalated discs - ANS - coordinate contraction - contain gap junctions and desmosomes characteristics of smooth muscle - ANS - no striations - single nucleus - spindle shaped - hollow organs, eye, skin, glandular - involuntary - gap junctions five properties of muscle cells - ANS 1) contractility: ability to contract 2) excitability: response to stimulus 3) conductivity: conduct electrical charges 4) extensibility: ability to stretch 5) elasticity: ability to return to original length what happens to muscle proteins during contraction - ANS - they draw closer - muscle cell DOES NOT necessarily shorten sarco- - ANS flesh myocytes - ANS muscle cells sarcoplasm - ANS cytoplasm of muscle cells sacrolemma - ANS plasma membrane of myocytes sacroplasmic reticulum - ANS - modified endoplasmic reticulum - weblike network surrounding myofibrils - stores and releases calcium ions myofibrils - ANS - organelles - 100s to 1000s in one myocyte - 50-80% of cell volume - one micrometer in diameter other stuff in a myocyte - ANS - tons of mitochondria between myofibrils fascia - ANS thick connective tissue holding groups of muscles together length of skeletal muscle fibers - ANS up to 30 cm up to 100 micrometers thick myoblasts - ANS embryonic cells giving each muscle cell multiple nuclei transverse tubules (t-tubules) - ANS deep extensions of sarcolemma that surround each myofibril and is filled with extracellular fluid three kinds of myofilaments - ANS 1) thick filaments 2) thin filaments 3) elastic filaments myo- - ANS muscle

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