Networks and Security Foundations D315 Exam Questions with Complete Solutions, A+

Network A chain of communication that connects places. NOT THE INTERNET. Your home is its own ____ Hub Dumb, doesn't think, sits at physical layer of OSI model, Connects router to the network, sends data packets to ALL connected devices. Switch Used to connect devices in a specific networks, Builds a MAC address tables and sends accordingly. Is a more complex version of a Hub. Forwards data packets. Sits at Data Link Layer of the OSI model. Router is a point of connection between two or more networks. Connects to other IP's. Forwards data packets between networks. Sits at network layer of the OSI model. Access Point Used to interconnect wireless devices and provide a connection to the wired LAN. Different than wireless router. Sits at data link layer of OSI model. Protocol Set of rules established for users to gain control of the network to exchange information. Topology Is the network architecture used to interconnect the networking equipment. 3 common network topologies Star Network, Ring Network, and Bus network are common what? Bus Topology Old, used when the internet wasn't around, uses a cable/backbone/Datalink which is terminated on either end. Data packets travel with electric signals in 1 direction, called half duplex. Basically first come first serve, easy to setup, doesn't cost alot. Token Ring or Ring Topology Was created to overcome 1st come first serve of bus topology. Uncommon, setup for specific reasons, each device passes a token at a certain time. Continuous path, loop, or ring. Star Topology Not actually in a star, Could be cat cables to a patch panel in an office connected to a server room with a switch. All network devices are connected to hub or switch. The network devices do not share data connections to/from the hub or switch. A hub broadcasts all data traffic to all networking devices connected to its data ports. One downside is single point of failure if hub/switch breaks. Mesh topology Overcomes star topology single point of failure. These are complicated and expensive. The world wide web or internet is an example of this. Has redundant data paths. All network devices are heavily interconnected. Can b e called Hub and Spoke. Physical address Another term for MAC address logical address another term for IP address Layers of OSI Model Layer 1 - Physical Layer 2 - Data Link Layer 3 - Network Layer 4 - Transport Layer 5 - Session Layer 6 - Presentation Layer 7 - Application (All People Seem To Need Dominoes Pizza) Layers of the TCP/IP Model Application, transport,Network, and network interface TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) Model Used to connect network devices OSI Model A Framework for networking that ensures compatibility in the network hardware and software. Helps with development of new networking technologies (All People Seem To Need Dominoes Pizza) HyperVisor Software that enables a single computer to run multiple operating systems simultaneously. Type 1 hypervisor/Bare Metal Hypervisor is loaded directly onto the hardware, and commonly used on server. Type 2 hypervisor/Hosted Hypervisor Loaded on the operating system, and commonly used on personal computers. Typical Cloud Service models IaaS (infrastructure as a service) PaaS (Platform as a Service) SaaS (Software as a Service) IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service) A physical server without OS or anything on it. The renter chooses and setups EVERYTHING. The renter is responsible for it all past just the server. PaaS (Platform as a Service) A service that focuses on application development on any desired platform. They take care of OS and Server. Renter is responsible for sending them their data and website to host on their application. A testing location for a mobile app, (Its like you're renting a house and need to furnish it but the landlord is responsible for repairs) SaaS (Software as a Service) Application delivery. All the renter is involved with is making sure you can download the app. Public Cloud Cloud infrastructure is owned and operated by cloud service company but made available for general public use. (NOT FREE, think purchasing amazon AWS. You may still have to pay fee to access) Private Cloud Operated by the organization and made available only to members of the organization. (DoD cloud example) Community Cloud Two or more organizations that have access to infrastructure. Hybrid Cloud A combination of a private and public, has at least one private and one public cloud BYOD (bring your own device) policy a statement concerning employees' permissions and responsibilities when they use their own device for organizational business. (actually taking your device to work and using work stuff on them) Saves money but risk of attacks