LSAT - Logical Reasoning Exam Solution.

Premise - correct answer A fact, proposition or statement from which a conclusion is made Conclusion - correct answer A statement or judgment that follows from one or more reasons. Conditional Reasoning - correct answer A conditional statement is, in its most easily recognized form, an "if...then..." statement. The following is, for example, a conditional statement. Conditional statements are also described in terms of sufficient and necessary conditions. Sufficient - correct answer An event or circumstance whose occurrence indicates that a necessary condition must also occur. Necessary - correct answer An event or circumstance whose occurrence is required in order for a sufficient condition to occur. Explain Sufficient Necessary - correct answer If a sufficient condition occurs, you automatically know that the necessary condition also occurs. If a necessary condition occurs, then it is possible that the sufficient condition will occur, but not certain. Example of Sufficient Necessary - correct answer Banging my shin on the table is all that is needed for me to scream in pain (i.e. it is sufficient), so banging my shin is considered the sufficient condition. I cannot bang my shin on the table without screaming in pain (screaming necessarily follows the banging of my shin), so screaming in pain is the necessary condition. You should be fine if you can simply remember that the antecedent (the phrase following the "if") is the sufficient condition for the consequent (the phrase following the "then") and the consequent is the necessary condition for the antecedent. Contra-positive - correct answer a conditional statement derived from another by negating and interchanging antecedent and consequent Premise Indicators - correct answer Because