Pharmacology Rasmussen Exam 2 Questions and Answers

Pharmacology Rasmussen Exam 2 Questions and Answers Your patient is taking methotrexate and reports she has numerous large bruises on her lower legs. Which actions should you take? Select all that apply a. Ask about her recent trauma b. Report the bruising to her prescribing provider c. Anticipate an order for a lab draw to check platelet levels d. Tell her to not me so clumsy - Answer-A- you want to know if you can account for the bruising via recent injuries, or if it is a side effect of the medications B- may want to order blood test for platelet count C- this is due to thrombocytopenia associated with methotrexate Methotrxate is associated with thrombocytopenia, which is a deficiency of platelets in the blood. List serious side effects of methotrexate - Answer-Bone marrow suppression Leukopenia Neutropenia Thrombocytopenia Stomatitis Alopecia When taking cylophosphamide (Cytoxan), you would educate your client to take at what time of day? Why is this important? - Answer-Need to take early in the day because we don't want this medication sitting in the bladdwer overnight. cylophosphamide (Cytoxan) is associated with hemorrhagic inflammation of the bladder. Also need to educate client to drink lots of water. cylophosphamide (Cytoxan), an alkalyzing agent, can cause hemorrhagic inflammation of which organ? - Answer-Bladder Who should NOT receive a live vaccine? - Answer-Currently ill Under 2 Over 49 Pregnant Immunocompromised Ever had Guillan-Barre syndrome Egg or flu vaccine Aged 2-17 and taking aspirin What is a normal T-helper cell count? - Answer-greater than 500 cells/mm (cubed) Why wouldn't a patient who is 55 years old and hate shots be able to receive the attenuated nasal spray vaccine? - Answer-He's too old for the nasal spray, because clients older than 49 cannot receive a live vaccine This class of antibiotics can cause tendon rupture, especiallly when combined with steroids - Answer-Fluoroquinolone antibiotics Cipro is an example of one Ciprofloxacin (Cipro) should NOT be taken with products containing the following - Answer-Antacids Aluminum Iron Zinc Calcium Name which class of antibiotics are associated with the following: Take on an empty stomach as milk or antacid products can prevent absorption Can stain the teeth of fetus or young child Can decrease the effectiveness of oral contraceptives Can result in photosensitivity reactions - Answer-Tetracyclines If a patient has a sulfa-allergy, they are at increased risk for allergies to the following medications. Select all that apply a. Glucotrol b. Celecoxib c. furosemide d. flomax - Answer-Glucotrol Celecoxib furosemide We draw peak and trough levels on the following medications to ensure efficacy, safety, metabolism, and excretion - Answer-gentamicin vancomycin ___________use and misuse can lead to superinfections such and cadidiasis and C. diff - Answer-Antibiotics The use of what can help reduce risk of super infections when using antibiotics? - Answer-probiotics This macrolide antibiotic is excreted primarily in the bile of the liver - Answer- erythomycin This antibiotic is a good choice for those with renal failure because it is primarily excreted in the bile of the liver - Answer-erythomycin If a patient has a mild allergic reaction, such as mild itching or hives, he or she may be treated with an antihistamine such as - Answer-diphenhydramine Your patient is starting a medication regimen for tuberculosis. You let him know that his bodily secretions may be stained orange by which medication? - Answer-Rifampin A disulfiram reaction is most commonly associated with which two types of antibiotics - Answer-metronidazole cephalosporin If your patient makes this statements about the treatment of her child's thrush, you need to provide further education. Explain why. - Answer-If my child swallows this medication, I need to call poision control. Nystatin is safe to swallow because it is not absorbed in the GI tract Since dopamine antagonist phenothiazine antiemetic medications like prochlorperazine (Compazine) and promethazine (Phenergan) act on dopamine receptors, patients who take these medications are at increased risk for developing which type of adverse reactions? - Answer-EPS