Microbiology EXAM 1 chapters 1-7 Questions with Correct Answers

Microbiology EXAM 1 chapters 1-7 Questions with Correct Answers What are general size ranges of eukaryotic microbes, Bacteria and Archaea, and viruses? - Answer-Bacteria/archaea= 1-10 um Eukaryotes= 10-100 um viruses= 0.02-0.2 um • Electron microscopy is generally required to visualize what type of microbe? Which types can generally be visualized by light microscopy? - Answer-bacteria cells and viruses.Eukaryotes and bacteria can generally be visualized by light microscopy • Approximately how long have microbes been present on Earth? Which types of microbes were first to appear? - Answer-3.5 billion years for prokaryotes(bacteria/archaea) and 1.8 billion years for eukaryotes Approximately when did Cyanobacteria first appear, and what impact did their evolution have on Earth's atmosphere? - Answer-2.5 million years ago. they are responsible for making oxygen in the environment (aerobic respiration) and paved the way for extracellular life. • What are some examples of ways in which humans make use of microbes and their products or activities? - Answer-Biotechnology- when humans manipulate microorganisms to make products in an industrial setting Genetic engineering- manipulates genetics of microbes plants and animals for the purpose of creating new produces EX) cheese, bread, alcohol, yogurt, sauerkraut, kimchee, chemicals and antibiotics