ATI Nutrition Exam Study Guide

Specific Gravity - 1.005-1.030 if too high means dehydration Patients with cirrhosis - need high protein and should avoid high fat and high sodium foods Purine foods - gravies poultry sardines red wine organ meats fish Increase risk of uric acid stone formation allopurinol - anti-gout medication that reduces uric acid BUN lab values - 10-20 mg/dL Blood urea nitrogen-- determines amt of urea nitrogen found in blood off levels may indicate kidney malfunction Pravastatin - drug used for hyperlipidemia (statins) HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor CAN be taken w grapefruit juiceDaily calorie increase during 2nd trimester - recommended +340 calories Daily calorie increase during 3rd trimester - recommended +452 calories Nutrient requirements during pregnancy - protein 20% fat 30% carbs 50% fluid 2-3L caffeine 200 mg/day folate 600mcg/day iron 27-30mg/day Phenylalanine - involved in production of NE and dopamine and help nervous system function properly Semisolid foods shouldn't be introduced before... - 6 months of age Gavage feeding - for an infant is used when an infant is too weak for sucking, unable to coordinate swallowing, and lacks a gag reflex. ●● Gavage feeding is implemented to conserve energy when an infant is attempting to breast feed or bottle feed, but becomes fatigued, weak, or cyanotic.