Chemistry 104 Exam V Test Solutions 100% Correct Answers

Chemistry 104 Exam V TEST SOLUTIONS 100% CORRECT ANSWERS Leo Baekeland - ANSWER Name of the person who invented Bakelite in 1907. Polymer - ANSWER A large molecule built from smaller ones (monomer) that consist of a long chain or chains of atoms covalently bonded together; Biodegradation - ANSWER The natural breakdown of a substance by fungi or enzymes; Macromolecules - ANSWER Molecules of high molecular mass that have characteristic properties because of their large size; PP - ANSWER Abbreviation for polypropylene; Wallace Carothers - ANSWER Name of the person who invented nylon; PS - ANSWER Abbreviation for polystyrene; Monomer - ANSWER Small molecules that are used to synthesize the larger polymeric chain molecules; PETE - ANSWER Abbreviation for polyethylene terephthalate; Nathaniel Wyeth - ANSWER Name of the person who invented the plastic soda bottle; Functional Groups - ANSWER Distinctive arrangement of groups of atoms that impart characteristic physical and chemical properties to the molecules that contain them; HDPE - ANSWER Abbreviation for high density polyethylene; Plasticizer - ANSWER A compound added in small amounts to a polymer to make the polymer softer and more pliable; PVC - ANSWER Abbreviation for polyvinyl chloride; LDPE - ANSWER Abbreviation for low density polyethylene; Stephanie Kwolek - ANSWER Name of the person who invented Kevlar; Which of these is not a natural polymer? A. Cellulose B. Spider Web C. Nylon D. Silk - ANSWER Nylon Addition polymerization is often catalyzed by a free radical, that is, a chemical species with; A. An unpaired electron B. One or more double bonds C. All electrons paired D. All single bonds - ANSWER An unpaired electron. How are HDPE and LDPE different? - ANSWER One is more highly branched than the other. Both bottles are made of polyethylene. They differ in that the bottle on the right is made of _____ and the one on the left is made of _____. - ANSWER Flexible, lower density, branched polyethylene. Rigid, higher density linear polyethylene. Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is highly versatile in its uses as a plastic. Which of these is not a use of PVC? A) milk jugs B) clear plastic shower curtains C) pipe for plumbing D) vinyl siding on houses - ANSWER Milk jugs. Which incorrectly pairs a polymer with the type of bond that it forms? A) PET, ester B) nylon, amide C) protein, amide (peptide) D) polyethylene, ester - ANSWER Polyethylene; ester. Over 4.1 billion pounds of high-grade polyethylene terephthalate (PET) were produced in 1997, and close to five billion pounds in 2000. What is the major use of this polymer? A) building material B) car bodies C) electrical insulation D) plastic bottles - ANSWER Plastic bottles. Which explains why PET recycling has been successful? A) There is a steady supply of soft drink and water bottles to recycle. There also are marketable products made from recycled PET. B) The polymerization reaction in forming PET can easily be reversed by using enzymes. C) Sorting PET from other plastics is unnecessary. All plastics can be recycled into Tshirts and other clothing items. D) Packing peanuts are a widely used source of PET to be recycled. Once dissolved, the plastic can easily be remolded into useful films such as Saran Wrap. - ANSWER There is a steady supply of soft drink and water bottles to recycle. There also are marketable products made from recycled PET. In terms of the paper vs. plastic grocery debate, which makes the most sense? A) Bring a reusable grocery bag B) Use plastic to reduce the waste stream C) Use paper because it is a renewable resource D) Use paper to avoid a petroleum-based product - ANSWER Bring a reusable grocery bag. Which of these is a natural polymer? A) styrofoam B) polyethylene C) nylon D) silk - ANSWER Silk All plastics are made up of long chains of atoms that are held together with A) hydrogen bonds. B) ionic bonds. C) covalent bonds. . D) peptide bonds. - ANSWER Covalent Bonds Which is not formed by addition polymerization?