NU 578 - Unit 2 Exam Questions With Verified
Answers @ 2024
Opioids Drugs - Answer Drugs:
Opioids - MOA - Answer - Bind to "opiate receptors" in the brain, which disrupts the
transmission of pain signals in the CNS.
- Mimic actions of endogenous opiates
(endorphins, enkephalins, dynorphins).
- Primarily activate mu receptors, but also activate Kappa
Opioids - Effect - Answer * Relieve pain & induce euphoria
Also cause sedation, respiratory depression, miosis, constipation, nausea, & suppress
the cough reflex.
Opioids - Uses - Answer - Pain relief
- Cough suppression
- Relief of dyspnea
- Preoperative sedation
Opioids - Side Effects - Answer Hypotension
sedation
nausea
itching
miosis
muscle weakness
constipation
Urinary Retention
,Biliary Colic
Increased ICP
Treatment of Opioid- Induced Constipation - Answer methylnaltrexone (Relistor)
naloxegol (Movantik)
Blocks opioid receptors in the GI tract
* Does not cross blood-brain barrier, so does not reverse analgesia
Opioids - Drug Interactions - Answer CNS depressants!
Anticholinergics
Drugs that lower BP
Opioids - Contraindications/Warnings - Answer Decreased respiratory reserve
Labor and delivery
Inflammatory Bowel disease
Head Injury
Opioids - Patient Educaiton - Answer
Opioid toxicity - Answer 3 signs:
- coma
- pinpoint pupils
- respiratory depression - may be fatal!
, Tolerance - Answer a state in which a drug user needs larger amounts of the drug to
produce the same effect on the body
Physical Dependence - Answer A state in which an abstinence syndrome will occur if
drug use is abruptly stopped
Abuse - Answer drug use that is inconsistent with medical or social norms
Addiction - Answer disease characterized by and individual pathologically pursuing
rewards and relief by substance use and other behaviors
Full opioid agonists - Answer - Good for severe pain
- May give a feeling of euphoria
Example: Morphin, codeine, hydromorphone
Partial opioid agonists (Agonist-antagonist) - Answer - Good for moderate pain
- May act as antagonists at some receptors and
precipitate withdrawal.
Example: pentazocine, Suboxone, buprenorphine, nalbuphine
Partial opioid agonists (Agonist-antagonist) Drugs: - Answer Pentazocine
Suboxone
Buprenorphine
Nalbuphine
Answers @ 2024
Opioids Drugs - Answer Drugs:
Opioids - MOA - Answer - Bind to "opiate receptors" in the brain, which disrupts the
transmission of pain signals in the CNS.
- Mimic actions of endogenous opiates
(endorphins, enkephalins, dynorphins).
- Primarily activate mu receptors, but also activate Kappa
Opioids - Effect - Answer * Relieve pain & induce euphoria
Also cause sedation, respiratory depression, miosis, constipation, nausea, & suppress
the cough reflex.
Opioids - Uses - Answer - Pain relief
- Cough suppression
- Relief of dyspnea
- Preoperative sedation
Opioids - Side Effects - Answer Hypotension
sedation
nausea
itching
miosis
muscle weakness
constipation
Urinary Retention
,Biliary Colic
Increased ICP
Treatment of Opioid- Induced Constipation - Answer methylnaltrexone (Relistor)
naloxegol (Movantik)
Blocks opioid receptors in the GI tract
* Does not cross blood-brain barrier, so does not reverse analgesia
Opioids - Drug Interactions - Answer CNS depressants!
Anticholinergics
Drugs that lower BP
Opioids - Contraindications/Warnings - Answer Decreased respiratory reserve
Labor and delivery
Inflammatory Bowel disease
Head Injury
Opioids - Patient Educaiton - Answer
Opioid toxicity - Answer 3 signs:
- coma
- pinpoint pupils
- respiratory depression - may be fatal!
, Tolerance - Answer a state in which a drug user needs larger amounts of the drug to
produce the same effect on the body
Physical Dependence - Answer A state in which an abstinence syndrome will occur if
drug use is abruptly stopped
Abuse - Answer drug use that is inconsistent with medical or social norms
Addiction - Answer disease characterized by and individual pathologically pursuing
rewards and relief by substance use and other behaviors
Full opioid agonists - Answer - Good for severe pain
- May give a feeling of euphoria
Example: Morphin, codeine, hydromorphone
Partial opioid agonists (Agonist-antagonist) - Answer - Good for moderate pain
- May act as antagonists at some receptors and
precipitate withdrawal.
Example: pentazocine, Suboxone, buprenorphine, nalbuphine
Partial opioid agonists (Agonist-antagonist) Drugs: - Answer Pentazocine
Suboxone
Buprenorphine
Nalbuphine
