TruGreen Pesticide Certification 6, 3a, 3b Questions and Answers Graded A+

TruGreen Pesticide Certification 6, 3a, 3b Questions and Answers Graded A+ Abiotic disorder A non-pest plant stress such as improper nutrition, too much or too little water, winter or frost injury Action threshold The pest density at which action (such as pesticide application) is justified to prevent further damage. Adelgid An insect closely related to aphids that feed on conifers. Their feeding often causes galls to form. Aesthetic injury level The point at which damage from a pest becomes noticeable enough to negatively affect the visible quality of the plant. This may vary, based in part on the distance the plant is located from walkways. (and therefore, on the likelihood of the damage being observed. Airblast sprayer Pesticide application equipment that uses a stream of air from a fan to break up and distribute the pesicide onto the plant that is being treated. Allelopathy/allelopathic When one plant species suppresses the growth of another. For example, walnut trees produce chemicals that will not allow plants to grow under their canopies. Annual A plant that completes its life cycle and dies in a single year or growing season. Bacteria A group of single-celled microorganisms, of which there are typically 40 million in a gram of soil. A few species are the causes of diseases such as fire blight and leaf spot in plants. Bactericide A pesticide used to manage a disease cause by bacteria Balled and burlapped A standard method used to wrap a tree or shrub rootball with burlap to keep the soil around the roots when digging the plant from the field to move it for transplanting. Often, larger trees will have a wire mesh placed around the burlap to provide more support for transporting. The wire mesh should be removed prior to planting. The burlap should (optimally) be removed as much as possible also, as amany types of modern burlap contains synthetic fibers that will not rot. If the burlap is natural fibers it should at least be removed from the top one-third of the rootball to avoid the burlap being exposed to the air and wicking moisture from the roots. Also called B&B. Basal Drench The mixing of a pesticide in a small volume of water and applying to a 12-18 inch strip around the base of a tree or shrub. These compounds are normally systemic and are absorbed by the roots of the plant. Beauveria bassiana A naturally occurring fungus that attacks a number of insects and has been formulated as an insecticide. Beneficial Insect Insects that eat or develop inside or on pest insects. Sometimes just referred to as "beneficials." Beneficial insects do not damage landscape plants. Biennial A plant with a two-year life cycle. Biochemical pesticide A biologically derived chemical such as insect sex pheromones that are used for pest control. They have the advantages of being non-toxic and specific for controlling a particular species of pest. Biocide A substance that kills biological organisms. Biological control A method of controlling a pest by encouraging and using natural controls such as parasitism, predation, and naturally occuring diseases. Biomagnification A situation in which a predatory organism continues to absorb pesticde as it eats prey that has been exposed to nonlethal levels of pesticide; the accumulation of pesticide in the predator can lead to its death. Biopesticide Pesticides cerived from natural materials such as animals, plants, bacteria and certain minerals. Broad-spectrum A pesticde that affectsx a wide range of target species. Broad-spectrum fungicide A fingicide that controls a wide range of fungal organisms. Broadcast application A pesticide applied to a large area over all of the plants. Budbreak The timme when dormant buds open into leaves or flowers. Bulb An underground plant stem (such as an onion or tulip) that is surrounded by fleshy leaves that are modified to store nutrients. Calibration the process of adjusting pesticide application equipment to apply a specific amount of pesticide at a specific rate over a specific area. Cambium The layer of the tree immediately below the bark that contains embryonic tissue. It is the actively growing part of the tree.