(SPCE 630) Ch. 1 Research approaches in Applied settings correctly answered 2024/2025

(SPCE 630) Ch. 1 Research approaches in Applied settings applied research - correct answer involves systematic investigation related to the pursuit of knowledge in practical realms or to solve real world problems. internal validity - correct answer the degree to which the effects observed in an experiment are due to the independent variable and not confounds experimental control - correct answer Two meanings: (a) the outcome of an experiment that demonstrates convincingly a functional relations, meaning that experimental control is achieved when a predictable change in behavior (the dependent variable_ can be reliably produced by manipulating a specific aspect of the environment (the independent variable); and (b) the extent to which a researcher maintains precise control of the independent variable by presenting it, with drawing it, and/or varying its value, and also by eliminating or holding constant all confounding and extraneous variables. functional relation - correct answer Change in an independent variable (IV) produces orderly and predictable change in a dependent variable(DV) aka behavior Evidenced Based Practice - correct answer clinical decision making that integrates the best available research with clinical expertise and patient characteristics and preferences Reliability - correct answer Ability of a test to yield very similar scores for the same individual over repeated testings ( consistency) threats to internal validity - correct answer Possible causes of a phenomenon that must be controlled so a clear cause-effect inference can be made. Nomothetic - correct answer A research approach based in the natural sciences and are characterized by attempting to explain the associations that can be generalized to a group given certain characteristics.