SCRN Study questions with complete solution

SCRN
Study
Frontal
-
answer-executive
function,
impulse
control;
Broca's
area
where
motorization
of
speech
occurs;
L
post
area.
Parietal
-
answer-MCA;
somatosensory;
motor
cortex
(voluntary
gross
movement),
sensory
cortex.
Occipital
-
answer-visual
cortex
Temporal
-
answer-MCA;
language,
memory,
learning,
sensory
processing;
Wernicke's
area
interpretation
of
speech.
Subcortical
structures
-
answer-Basal
ganglia,
Limbic
system,
Diencephalon
Basal
ganglia
-
answer-coordinate
movement
and
emotion
Limbic
system
-
answer-amygdala
and
cingulate
gyrus
(memory
and
emotion),
hippocampus
(memory
and
learning).
Diencephalon
-
answer-thalamus
(relay
center),
hypothalamus
(regulate
thirst,
hormones,
and
temp).
Grey
matter
-
answer-cell
bodies;
outside
layer;
White
matter
-
myelinated
axons
,
inside
Cerebellum
-
answer-balance,
smooth
coordination
Midbrain
-
answer-sits
on
pons;
coordinates
eye
movements
and
visual
/
auditory
reflexes;
CN's
2-4.
Pons
-
answer-relayer
and
message
center
between
cerebellum
and
cerebrum,
autonomic
nervous
system;
CN's
5-8. Medulla
oblongata
-
answer-relay
center,
CN's
9-12
CN
1
-
answer-Olfactory
CN
2
-
answer-Optic
CN
3
-
answer-Oculomotor
-
looking
up.
CN
4
-
answer-Trochlear
-
looking
down
and
in.
CN
5
-
answer-Trigeminal
-
face
senses,
chewing.
CN
6
-
answer-Abducens
-
looking
down
and
out.
CN
7
-
answer-Facial
-
raise
eyebrows,
smile,
puff
cheeks.
CN
8
-
answer-Acoustic
CN
9
-
answer-Glossopharyngeal
-
oral
sensation,
taste.
CN
10
-
answer-Vagus
-
parasympathetic
innervation.
CN
11
-
answer-Spinal
accessory
-
shoulders
up
and
down,
turning
head.
CN
12
-
answer-Hypoglossal
-
tongue
side
to
side.
Large
vessel
-
answer-Carotid,
vertebral,
ACA,
MCA,
PCA;
Caused
by
thrombus
or
embolus
typically;
ICH
at
junctions
or
vessel
turns;
SAH
aneurysms
often
at
vessel
bifurcations
Carotid
stroke
-
answer-Significant
stroke,
large
territory;
Contralateral
motor
and
sensory
loss,
homonymous
hemianopsia;
Aphasia
if
dominant
side,
contralateral
neglect
if
non-dominant
side.Ipsilateral
gaze
preference,
Amaurosis
fugax,
Horner's
Syndrome
Amaurosis
fugax
-
answer-transient
monocular
blindness. Horner's
Syndrome
-
answer-due
to
carotid
dissection;
Ptosis
(drooping
eyelid),
Miosis
(pupillary
constriction),
anhidrosis
(decrease
facial
sweating).
Ant.
Cerebral
Art
(ACA)
-
answer-ant
circulation.
Frontal
lob,
ant
portion
parietal
lobe,
olfactory
cortex,
corpus
callosum,
leg
motor
cortex
ACA
Stroke
-
answer-Stroke
=
Leg
weakness
>
arm
weakness,
apathy,
poor
reasoning
and
judgement,
conjugate
eye
deviation,
abulia
(lack
of
expression,
and
talking).
Contralateral
motor
/
sensory
Middle
Cerebral
Art
(MCA)
-
answer-ant.
Circulation.
Surface
of
cerebral
cortex,
portion
of
frontal;
parietal,
and
temporal
lobe.
Basal
ganglia,
internal
capsule
MCA
Stroke
-
answer-aphasia
if
L
hemi,
neglect
if
R
hemi;
ipsilateral
forced
eye
deviation,
contralateral
homonymous
hemianopsia
and
motor
/
sensory
loss,
arms
weaker
than
legs
Post.
Cerebral
Art
(PCA)
-
answer-occipital
lobe,
deeper
post.
Brain
structures.
Basilar
artery,
posterior
cerebral
artery
(PCA),
superior
cerebellar
artery
(SCA),
anterior
inferior
cerebellar
artery
(AICA),
and
posterior
inferior
cerebellar
artery
(PICA).
PCA
Stroke
-
answer-less
common;
contralateral
loss
of
pain
and
temp
sensation,
visual
field
loss
Weber's
Syndrome
-
answer-Midbrain
stroke;
ipsilateral
gaze
weakness,
contralateral
weakness
of
UE
and
LE.
Perinauds
Syndrome
-
answer-dorsal
midbrain
syndrome;
vertical
gaze
palsy,
pupils
mid-dilated
with
light
dissociation,
convergence-retraction
nystagmus
PICA
Stroke
-
answer-possible
Horner's
Syndrome;
Wallenberg
Syndrome;
ipsilateral
limb
ataxia,
contralateral
pain
and
temp.
sensation;
Vertigo,
nausea,
hiccups