MIDTERM PATHO 370 LATEST VERSION 180 QUESTION WITH COMPLETE SOLUTION |GRADED A+ The cellular response indicative of injury because of faulty metabolism is -hydropic swelling. -lactate production. -metaplasia. -intracellular accumulations . - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔intracellular accumulations. Renal insufficiency is a common complication of which disease? -Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) -Chronic lymphoid leukemia (CLL) -Myeloma -Hodgkin disease - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔Myelo ma The relationship of blood flow (Q), resistance (R), and pressure (P) in a vessel can be expressed by which equation? -Q = P/R -Q = R/P -R = PQ -P = Q/R - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔Q = P/R Legionnaires disease is characterized by -presence of systemic illness. -airborne mechanism of communicability. -mild symptomatology. -resolution with or without antimicrobial therapy. - CORRECT ANSWER ✔
✔presence of systemic illness. Treatment for hemophilia A includes -heparin administration. -factor IX replacement. -factor VIII replacement. -platelet transfusion. - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔factor VIII replacement. A child with a history of recent strep throat infection develops glomerulonephritis. This is most likely a type _____ hypersensitivity reaction. -I -II -III -IV - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔III Which condition enhances lymphatic flow? -Increased tissue hydrostatic pressure -Increased interstitial fluid colloid osmotic pressure -Decreased capillary hydrostatic pressure -Increased capillary oncotic pressure - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔Increased interstitial fluid colloid osmotic pressure In contrast to all other types of shock, the hyperdynamic phase of septic shock is associated with -high afterload. -low cardiac output. -high cardiac output. -reduced contractility. - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔high cardiac output. The major buffer in the extracellular fluid is -hemoglobin. -albumin. -bicarbonate. -phosphate. - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔bicarbonate. How do clinical conditions that increase vascular permeability cause edema? -Through altering the negative charge on the capillary basement membrane, which enables excessive fluid to accumulate in the interstitial compartment -By causing movement of fluid from the vascular compartment into the intracellular compartme nt, which leads to cell swelling -Through leakage of vascular fluid into the interstitial fluid, which increases interstitial fluid hydrostatic pressure -By allowing plasma proteins to leak into the interstitial fluid, which draws in excess fluid by increa sing the interstitial fluid osmotic pressure - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔By allowing plasma proteins to leak into the interstitial fluid, which draws in excess fluid by increasing the interstitial fluid osmotic pressure A patient has been exposed to meningococcal m eningitis, but is not yet demonstrating signs of this disease. This stage of illness is called the _____ stage. -prodromal -latent -sequela -convalescence - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔latent The electrolyte that has a higher concentration in the extracellular fluid than in the intracellular fluid is _____ ions. -sodium -phosphate -magnesium -potassium - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔sodium A patient with cold and edematous extremities, low cardiac output, and profound hypotension is likely to be experiencing a progressive stage of ________ shock. -cardiogenic -hypovolemic -obstructive -septic - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔septic When a client diagnose d with COPD type A asks, "Why is my chest so big and round?", the nurse responds that -"Loss of elastic tissue in your lungs allows your airways to close and trap air, which makes your chest round ." -"Swelling and mucus in your airways causes air to be tr apped in your lungs, which makes your chest round." -"Coughing caused by your condition has changed the structure of your airways, which makes your chest round." -"Scar tissue in your lungs makes them stiff and more full of air than usual, which makes your chest round." - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔"Loss of elastic tissue in your lungs allows your airways to close and trap air, which makes your chest round." Which serum biomarker(s) are indicative of irreversible damage to myocardial cells? -Elevated CK -MB, troponin I, and troponin T -Markedly decreased CK -MB and troponin I -Elevated LDL -Prolonged coagulation time - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔ A patient with a history of myocardial infarction continues to complain of intermittent chest pain brought on by exertion and relieved by rest. The likely cause of this pain is -stable angina. -myocardial infarction. -coronary vasospasm. -unstable angina. - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔stable angina Transfusion reactions involve RBC destruction caused by -donor antigens. -recipient antibodies. -donor T cells. -recipient T cells. - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔recipient antibodies. Which vessel normally demonstrates the most rapid blood flow?
✔presence of systemic illness. Treatment for hemophilia A includes -heparin administration. -factor IX replacement. -factor VIII replacement. -platelet transfusion. - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔factor VIII replacement. A child with a history of recent strep throat infection develops glomerulonephritis. This is most likely a type _____ hypersensitivity reaction. -I -II -III -IV - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔III Which condition enhances lymphatic flow? -Increased tissue hydrostatic pressure -Increased interstitial fluid colloid osmotic pressure -Decreased capillary hydrostatic pressure -Increased capillary oncotic pressure - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔Increased interstitial fluid colloid osmotic pressure In contrast to all other types of shock, the hyperdynamic phase of septic shock is associated with -high afterload. -low cardiac output. -high cardiac output. -reduced contractility. - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔high cardiac output. The major buffer in the extracellular fluid is -hemoglobin. -albumin. -bicarbonate. -phosphate. - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔bicarbonate. How do clinical conditions that increase vascular permeability cause edema? -Through altering the negative charge on the capillary basement membrane, which enables excessive fluid to accumulate in the interstitial compartment -By causing movement of fluid from the vascular compartment into the intracellular compartme nt, which leads to cell swelling -Through leakage of vascular fluid into the interstitial fluid, which increases interstitial fluid hydrostatic pressure -By allowing plasma proteins to leak into the interstitial fluid, which draws in excess fluid by increa sing the interstitial fluid osmotic pressure - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔By allowing plasma proteins to leak into the interstitial fluid, which draws in excess fluid by increasing the interstitial fluid osmotic pressure A patient has been exposed to meningococcal m eningitis, but is not yet demonstrating signs of this disease. This stage of illness is called the _____ stage. -prodromal -latent -sequela -convalescence - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔latent The electrolyte that has a higher concentration in the extracellular fluid than in the intracellular fluid is _____ ions. -sodium -phosphate -magnesium -potassium - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔sodium A patient with cold and edematous extremities, low cardiac output, and profound hypotension is likely to be experiencing a progressive stage of ________ shock. -cardiogenic -hypovolemic -obstructive -septic - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔septic When a client diagnose d with COPD type A asks, "Why is my chest so big and round?", the nurse responds that -"Loss of elastic tissue in your lungs allows your airways to close and trap air, which makes your chest round ." -"Swelling and mucus in your airways causes air to be tr apped in your lungs, which makes your chest round." -"Coughing caused by your condition has changed the structure of your airways, which makes your chest round." -"Scar tissue in your lungs makes them stiff and more full of air than usual, which makes your chest round." - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔"Loss of elastic tissue in your lungs allows your airways to close and trap air, which makes your chest round." Which serum biomarker(s) are indicative of irreversible damage to myocardial cells? -Elevated CK -MB, troponin I, and troponin T -Markedly decreased CK -MB and troponin I -Elevated LDL -Prolonged coagulation time - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔ A patient with a history of myocardial infarction continues to complain of intermittent chest pain brought on by exertion and relieved by rest. The likely cause of this pain is -stable angina. -myocardial infarction. -coronary vasospasm. -unstable angina. - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔stable angina Transfusion reactions involve RBC destruction caused by -donor antigens. -recipient antibodies. -donor T cells. -recipient T cells. - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔recipient antibodies. Which vessel normally demonstrates the most rapid blood flow?
