Medsurg Cardiac ati Exam Questions and Answers 2024

Medsurg Cardiac ati Exam Questions and Answers 2024 heart failure occurs when the heart muscle is unable to pump effectively, resulting in inadequate _____, myocardial hypertrophy, and pulmonary/systemic congestion. - Answer-Heart failure _____ is a severe, life threatening accumulation of fluid in the alveoli and interstitial spaces of the lung that can result from severe heart failure - Answer-pulmonary edema class 1 HF - Answer-client exhibits no symptoms with activity. class 2 HF - Answer-client has symptoms with ordinary exertion class 3 HF - Answer-client displays symptoms with minimal exertion class 4 HF - Answer-client has symptoms at rest ____ results in inadequate left ventricle cardiac output and consequently in inadequate tissue perfusion - Answer-Left sided heart failure two types of left sided HF - Answer-Systolic HF- ejection fraction below 40&, pulmonary and systemic congestion Diastolic HF- inadequate relaxation or "stiffening" prevents ventricular filling ____ results in inadequate right ventricle output and systemic venous congestion (peripheral edema) - Answer-right sided HF Health promotions to prevent HF - Answer-exercises Diet low in salt, fluid restrictions no smoking follow med regimen risk factors of left sided HF - Answer-hypertension CAD angina MI Valvular disease Risk factors of right sided HF - Answer-left sided HF right ventricular MI Pulmonary problems risk factors of high-output heart failure - Answer-increased metabolic needs septicemia anemia hyperthyroidism risk factors of cardiomyopathy - Answer-CAD infection or inflamed heart muscle alcohol heredity ____ is elevated in older adults, putting them at risk for CAD and HF - Answer-systolic BP Subjective and objective data of ______ Dyspnea, orthopnea fatigue displaced apical pulse S3 heart sound is gallop pulmonary congestion- crackles frothy sputum altered mental status oliguria - Answer-Left sided HF subjective and objective data of ______ Jugular vein distention Ascending dependent edema adbominal distention, ascites fatigue, weakness nausea and anorexia polyuria at rest liver enlargement and tenderness weight gain - Answer-right-sided HF most common type of cardiomyopathy - Answer-dilated _____ is impaired to the lungs when the cardiac pump is compromised - Answer-blood circulation what is seen in cardiomyopathy - Answer-fatigue, weakness HF(left with dilated, right with restrictive) Dysrhythmias S3 gallop Cardiomegaly angina- hypertrophic type the presence of other chronic illnesses (____ and _____) can mask the presence of HF in older adults clients. - Answer-lung disease kidney failure Human B-type natriuretic peptides (hBPN) is elvated in _____ - Answer-HF in clients who have dyspnea, elevated ____ confirms a diagnosis of HF rather than a problem originating in the rest system. - Answer-hBNP hBNP below ____ indicates no HF - Answer-100 hBNP between ___-___ suggest HF - Answer-100 to 300 hBNP 300 hBNP 600 hBNP 900 - Answer-mild HF moderate HF severe HF mixed venous oxygen saturation (SVO2) is directly related to cardiac output. a ___ in SvO2 indicated worsening cardiac function - Answer-drop an ___ is used to measure systolic and diastolic function of the heart - Answer- ultrasound. echo 2-D or 3-D the volume of blood from the left ventricle to the lungs upon each beat. normal is 55% to 70% - Answer-Left ventricle ejection fraction the volume of blood pumped from the right ventricle to the lungs upon each beat. normal is 45% to 60%. - Answer-right ventricle ejection fraction