CRSS Test Study Guide 2024

4 reasons any civilization collapses: - natural disaster, poor leadership, invasion, failed economy, losing trading partners Columbian exchange: name 4 things that went from Europe to America? - coffee, citrus, chicken , cattle Columbian exchange: name 4 things that went from America to Europe? - peanuts, pineapple, potatoes, pumpkins How does geography impact a country (or more specifically, Costa Rica?) - the crops they eat mountain protection from enemies things they can make animals they have for hunting and leather goods who they can trade with The ndigenous people of Costa Rica in the 1500s were politically fragmented and not technologically advanced! - Cacicazgo: - chieftanship system The religion was... - animistic (believing in animals, people, and natural phenomena all had spirits that would damage be gracious) What were the guns, germs, and steel for the Spanish Conquistadors? - advanced guns and weaponery steel swords and body armor their immunity to smallpox that they brought to the Incas horses Why did the Spanish have advanced to steel swords while Inca's were still making tools and weapons from bronze? - Europe was close to the Fertile Crescent, they were able to inherit the 7,000 years of technology that had been developed there. The Spanish spent their time creating the best swords possible How did the battle tactics used by the Spanish conquistadors help the small army defeat the Inca army that outnumbered it by the thousands? - Even though the Spanish conquistadors were outnumbered, they had the advantage of surprise and superior weapons. This included horses and steel weapons What made the Europeans "accidental conquerers"? - They had an immunity to smallpox that other civilaztions in the Americas didn't have. They were more advanced