Essentials in Nutrition 2023/2024

Essentials in Nutrition 2023/2024 Name the region of the brain that plays a role in whether we feel hungry or full. What about blood can trigger this region to make us want to stop eating? - CORRECT The Hypothalmus. An increase in nutrients in blood stimulates the satiety center in the hypothalamus which decreases our desire to eat. Name three of the four types of external forces that influence our eating habits and patterns. - CORRECT Sensory, cognitive, environmental and health status There are six classes of nutrients. Name the three that supply energy. - CORRECT Carbohydrates, proteins and fat Minerals are considered both A. Macronutrients and Organic B. Macronutrients and Inorganic C. Micronutrients and Inorganic D. Micronutrients and Organic - CORRECT C. Micronutrients and Inorganic Define organic - CORRECT Organic - a compound that contains carbon and hydrogen If a fudge brownie has 15 grams of carbohydrates, 2 grams of protein and 13 grams of fat. How many calories are in the brownie? - CORRECT 15 x 4 =60 2 x 4 = 8 13 x 9 = 117 60 +8 + 117 = 185 calories The current recommendation to maintain your body weight is 2000 calories daily. You should not consume any more than 60 % of your calories from carbohydrates. How many grams of carbohydrates should you eat in a day? - CORRECT (2000 x .60 = calories / 4 = 300 grams of carbs) 300 grams If an individual's intake does not meet their nutritional needs and their health begins to decline, they are in a state of _______________. - CORRECT undernutrition Excess consumption of calories, fat and saturated fat can lead to a nutritional state of ___________. - CORRECT overnutrition An individual's health can be assessed using the ABCDEs of nutritional assessment. Give a brief description of what A stands for. - CORRECT Anthropometrics- measurements of body composition such as height and weight MyPlate illustrates 3 concepts. Name the concepts: - CORRECT Variety, moderation, and balance. Based on the nutritional label shown below, how many grams of protein would you consume if you ate the entire container of macaroni and cheese? - CORRECT 5 g per serving x 2 servings per container = 10 g Specific parts of the _________ include the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine and rectum. Other organs such as the liver, gallbladder and pancreas aid in digestion but are not considered part of the __________ - CORRECT GI tract GI tract. Explain the symptoms of heartburn. - CORRECT Heartburn is a burning sensation in the esophagus due to an improper closing of a sphincter that allows stomach acids to go into the esophagus. Sphincters play an important role in the GI tract. Name two sphincters discussed in the module and using your own words, briefly describe their functions. - CORRECT The esophageal sphincter prevents the contents of the stomach from reentering the esophagus. The pyloric sphincter controls the release of chyme into the small intestines from the stomach. The ileocecal sphincter prevents the contents of the large intestine from entering the small intestine. Define peristalsis. Is this an example of chemical or mechanical digestion? - CORRECT Peristalsis is muscular contractions that move the food mixture along the GI tract while it mixes with a variety of enzymes and other chemicals. It is an example of mechanical digestion. Carbohydrates can be classified as monosaccharides, disaccharides, polysaccharides and fiber. Match the following with the descriptions. a. Monosaccharides b. Disaccharides c. Insoluble Fiber d. Soluble Fiber e. Functional Fiber An example is galactose Promotes intestinal health and is added to foods Not broken down by bacteria in the GI tract Maltose and sucrose are examples Dissolves and provide satiety - CORRECT A -An example is galactose E -Promotes intestinal health and is added to foods C -Not broken down by bacteria in the GI tract B -Maltose and sucrose are examples D -Dissolves and provide satiety Which of the following is NOT True concerning blood sugar regulation