ATI TEAS Dental Hygiene Entrance Exam Questions with Certified Solutions

ATI TEAS Dental Hygiene Entrance Exam Questions with Certified Solutions What is the basic organizational unit of all living things? the cell What is one thing that all cells have in common? a cell membrane What is a membrane comparable to? a semi-permeable plastic pag What is the membrane composed of? phospholipids What are transport holes? proteins that help certain molecules and ions move in and out of the cell What is cytoplasm? the fluid that fills the cell; aka cytosol What are organelles? groups of complex molecules that help a cell survive; larger the cell the more organelles needed What do all cells contain? DNA and RNA What can all cells do? synthesize protein What does each cell of an organism consist of? nucleic acids, cytoplasm, and a cell membrane What are make the mitochondria and chloroplasts unique? they are specialized organelles that have specific functions within the cell How do single-celled organisms differ from multicellular? single-celled organisms contain all of the components necessary for life, while multicellular organism cells can be specialized How does life begin on the cellular level? life begins as a single cell by either asexual or sexual reproduction How are cells grouped together? in tissues How are tissues grouped together? in organs How are organs grouped together? in systems What is a considered a complete individual? an organism What are ribosomes involved in? synthesizing proteins from amino acids How many ribosomes are in a single cell? numerous and take up about one quarter of the cell Where are ribosomes located in the cell? some are mobile and some are embedded in the endoplasmic reticulum What does the golgi apparatus (golgi complex) do? synthesizes materials such as proteins that are transported out of the cell Where is the golgi apparatus (golgi complex) located? near the nucleus What does the golgi apparatus (golgi complex) consist of? layers of membranes What are vacuoles? sacs used for storage, digestion, and waste removal How are vacuoles presented in different cells (plant/animal)? plant: one large vacuole animal: small, sometimes numerous vacuoles What is a vesicle within the cell and what does it have? it is a small organelle and has a membrane What does a vesicle in the cell do? performs varying functions including moving materials within a cell What does the cytoskeleton of the cell consist of? microtubules What does the cytoskeleton of the cell do? shape and support the cell What are microtubules apart of? the cell cytoskeleton What do microtubules do? support the cell What are microtubules made of? protein What is cytosol? liquid material in the cell What makes up the cytosol? mostly water, but also contains some floating molecules What does the term cytoplasm refer to? cytosol and the substructures (organelles) found within the plasma membrane, but not within the nucleus What does the cell membrane (plasma membrane) do? defines the cell by acting as a barrier, helps keep cytoplasm in and substances located outside