MIC 102 2023 Exam Questions with Correct Answers

MIC 102 2023 Exam Questions with Correct Answers transmission electron microscope (TEM) preparing specimens - Answer-transmission electron microscope (TEM) preparing specimens Microorganisms - Answer-organisms that are too small to be seen clearly with the unaided eye Multicellular microorganisms - Answer-microbes that are visible without microscopes which are consists of small aggregations of cells example bread molds and filamentous photosynthetic microbes Cellular microbes - Answer-are smaller than 1 millimeter in diameter of then unicellular and if multicellular lacked differentiated tissues Microbiologists study - Answer-Cellular and Acellular organisms prokaryotic cell - Answer-Have an open floor plan, (their contents are not divided into compartments by membranes (rooms) Eukaryotic cells - Answer-have a nucleus and other membrane bound organelles (mitochondria, chloroplasts) that separate some cellular materials and processes from others. Three Domains - Answer-Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya How old is our planet - Answer-Dating meteorites through the use of radioisotopes places our planet at an estimated 4.5 to 4.6 billion years old catalytic proteins - Answer-are enzymes and structural proteins serve a myriad of functions such as transport, attachment and motility. rRNA comparison - Answer-important role in classification of microbes LUCA - Answer-last universal common ancestor ( LUCA is in the bacterial branch the other branches evolved independently) Feature of microbiology ( pure or axenic culture ) - Answer-microbiologists often remove microorganisms from their normal habitats and grow them isolated from other microbes MIcrographia(book) - Answer-Robert Hooke Antony van Leeuwenhoek () - Answer-constructing simple microscopes composed of double convex glass lenses held between two silver plates. his microscopes could magnify about 50 to 300 times. spontaneous generation - Answer-Hypothesis stating that life could arise from nonliving matter. Idea of microorganisms cause disease - Answer-began in early nineteenth century from diverse fields 19th. Koch's Postulates theory (Koch 1905 awarded Nobel prize) - Answer-a sequence of experimental steps for directly relating a specific microbe to a specific disease Koch's Postulates difficalites - Answer-The application not always feasible. ex, viruses, and organisms that must live within host cells such as Mycobacterium leprae the causative cause of leprosy cannot be isolated in pure culture furthermore microbiologists used molecular and genetic evidence. Medical Microbiology - Answer-diseases of humans and animals (Medical Microbiology investigates agent causing infectious diseases and measures for their control and elimination. involving in tracking unidentified pathogens such those causing hantavirus pulmonary syndrome, west nile encephalitis middle east respiratory syndrome. Which entities are included as microorganisms? - Answer-Organisms and acellular biological entities Which entities are generally included in the field of microbiology? - Answer-- ViroidsBacteria- Slime molds- Archaea- Algae- Yeasts How are macroscopic and microorganisms distinguished from other multicellular life forms? - Answer-They lack highly differentiated tissues (and/or cell types) Some microorganisms can be macroscopic because they are - Answer-multicellular True or false: Cellular microbes are often arranged in multicellular complexes with differentiated tissues. - Answer-False While microbes can exhibit multicellular forms, these do not have highly differentiated tissues. Which four of the following entities are cellular? - Answer-fungi bacteria archaea protists Which is the best description of microorganisms? - Answer-Organisms too small to be seen clearly by the unaided eye Which feature is most commonly used to describe bacterial and archaeal cells? - Answer-No nucleus Which four of the following entities are generally included in the field of microbiology? - Answer-prions viruses yeasts bacteria Which feature describes eukaryotic cells? - Answer-contain a nucleus How are macroscopic microorganisms distinguished from other multicellular life forms? - Answer-They lack differentiated tissues (and/or cell types) Which characteristic is not typical of cellular microbes? - Answer-Composed only of protein and nucleic acids Which three of the following taxa are the domains of life based on rRNA comparisons? - Answer-Eukarya Archaea Bacteria Which three of the following entities are acellular? - Answer-viroids prions viruses Which group of organisms has the greatest number of taxa? - Answer-Microbes How do prokaryotic cells most commonly differ from eukaryotic cells? - Answer-Lack a nucleus What is the approximate age of Earth? - Answer-4.5 to 4.6 billion years