NUR 2243 Concept OF Fluid and Electrolytes Critical Exam Review Questions and Answers 2023/2024

NUR 2243 Concept OF Fluid and Electrolytes Critical Exam Review Questions and Answers 2023/2024 The concept of fluids and electrolytes refers to... - Answer the process of regulating the extracellular fluid volume, body fluid osmolality, and plasma concentrations of electrolytes Fluid - Answer water plus the substances dissolved and suspended in it Electrolytes - Answer substances that are charged particles (ions) when they are placed in water Intake and Absorption - Answer the addition of fluid and electrolytes to the body (intake) and their movement into the blood (absorption) Distribution - Answer the process of moving fluid and electrolytes between the various body fluid compartments Intracellular compartments - Answer fluid compartments inside the cells Extracellular compartements - Answer fluid compartments outside the cells Extracellular Fluid compartment is made up of _______ fluid and ______ fluid - Answer interstitial, vascular Interstitial fluid - Answer the fluid between cells Vascular fluid - Answer fluid inside the blood vessels Output - Answer removal of fluid and electrolytes from the body, through normal or abnormal routes Intake and absorption, distribution, and output - Answer Three physiological processes whose interplay creates fluid and electrolyte balance Oral - Answer most common route of fluid and electrolyte intake Where is Ca+ absorbed into the body? - Answer Duodenum Ca+ absorption is dependent on which vitamin? - Answer adequate supply of vitamin D Where is Mg+2 absorbed into the body? - Answer the terminal section of the ileum What happens to fluid and electrolytes if they are not absorbed into the body? - Answer They remain in the GI tract and leave the body in the feces Fluid distribution between the vascular and interstitial compartments occurs by ______ - Answer filtration Filtration - Answer the net result of simultaneous opposing forces at the capillary level Hydrostatic pressure - Answer pushes fluid out of its compartment Capillary blood hydrostatic pressure (relatively strong force) - Answer pushes fluid out of the capillaries interstitial fluid hydrostatic pressure (relatively weak force) - Answer pushes fluid out of the interstitial compartment back into the capillaries Colloid osmotic pressure - Answer caused by large protein particles in the fluid, pulls fluid into its compartment Capillary blood colloid osmotic pressure (relatively strong force) - Answer pulls fluid into the capillaries interstitial fluid colloid osmotic pressure (weak force) - Answer pulls fluid out of the capillaries into the interstitial compartment Opposing forces filter ECF from capillaries into the interstitial compartments at the _______ end of capillaries, bringing ______ and ______ to the cells - Answer arterial oxygen nutrients