NUR2243 Heart Transplant Exam Guide Questions and A+ rated Answers 2023/2024

NUR2243 Heart Transplant Exam Guide Questions and A+ rated Answers 2023/2024 Normal MAP - Answer 60 - 100 mmHg VITAL to maintain perfusion of major body organs Low MAP - Answer 60 mmHg indicator of hemorrhagic shock low blood vol = low MAP A student nurse is caring for a client who suffered massive blood loss after trauma. How does the student correlate the blood loss with the client's mean arterial pressure? - Answer Lower blood volume means lower map Heart transplants are the treatment of choice for patients with - Answer Dilated cardiomyopathy End-stage heart disease Congenital heart disease Pt who has reduced MAP with no intervention would show - Answer kidney compensation; renin, ADH, aldosterone, epinephrine, and norepinephrine released causes fluid retention and HTN Reduced MAP means reduced - Answer Perfusion to vital organs Pts receiving heart transplant have potential for which deadly cardiac complication? - Answer Tamponade; watch for fluid/bleeding in heart Which meds would be held for a pt who just received a heart transplant? - Answer No digoxin, stropine, carotid sinus pressure Teaching for a pt who just received a heart transplant - Answer - Daily weights at same time every day; notify if pt gains 2 lbs/1 day or 5 lbs/1 week - Flu and pneumonia shots q1yr - Transplanted heart is disconnected from ANS - Immunosuppressants are needed lifelong to prevent transplant rejection - Pt may experienced pronounced ortho. hypotension in post-op phase After teaching a client recovering from a heart transplant to change positions slowly , the client asks why. How should the nurse respond? - Answer Your new heart is not connected to the ANS and is unable to respond to decreases in BP caused by position changes Signs and symptoms of transplant rejection - Answer SOB, bradycardia, abdominal bloating, fatigue, weight gain/edema, a-fib/flutter, activity intolerance, low EF A nurse assesses a pt recovering from heart transplant. Which assessment finding should alert the nurse to the possibility of heart transplant rejection? (SATA) - Answer SOB Abdominal bloating New onset bradycardia NSTEMI - Answer - non-ST elevation myocardial infarction - results from narrowed vessel STEMI - Answer - ST elevation MI, real-time - ongoing death of heart tissue due to ischemia - EMERGENCY A patient with an inferior wall MI shows bradycardia on an ECG. What is the nurse's priority action? - Answer Check BP and LOC (Inferior wall MI pts will have decreased perfusion due to bradycardia or heart block) STEMI ECG - Answer ST elevation/depression Abnormal T wave MOST serious acute coronary syndrome MI s/sx - Answer Sudden onset of chest pain, continuation of pain despite rest and medication, pain that spreads through client's chest, arms, jaw, back, neck SOB, nausea, anxiety, cool, pale, moist skin, tachycardia, tachypnea A client in the cardiac stepdown unit reports severe, crushing chest pain accompanied by N&V. What action takes priority? - Answer Maintain airway patency Which s/sx of MI may differ in women? - Answer Women may not have chest pain but will have indigestion, fatigue, and SOB MI interventions - Answer - VS q5mins - Continuous ECG - PQRST pain assessment - pain relief with morphine - drug therapy: beta blockers, antiplatelets (plavix, aspirin), O2 2-4L