Summary Week 4 Neurological System Notes 2024/2025 - Chamberlain

Week 4 Neurological System Notes 2024/2025 **Refer to HA 2 script on how to assess cranial nerves** Cranial Nerves CN I – Olfactory CN II – Optic (Snellen Chart) CN III, IV, VI – Oculomotor, Trochlear, Abducens CN V – Trigeminal CN VII – Facial CN VIII – Acoustic CN IX, X, XII – Glossopharyngeal, Vagus, Hypoglossal CN XI – Spinal Accessory Intracranial Pressure Measurement • Cerebral Perfusion is the process of delivering oxygen and nutrient rich blood to the brain o A decrease in the CPP suggests that the gradient required to push blood towards the brain is not being maintained. This can cause brain ischemia from reduced cerebral blood flow o The normal CCP for adults is 60-100 mmHg • MAP is used to measure perfusion pressure present in the vascular system at any given point in time, based on the client’s blood pressure. A client with an increased MAP may also be experiencing an increased ICP. o The normal MAP for adults is 70–150 mmHg • Intracranial pressure (ICP) is the pressure inside the skull. o Mannitol is a diuretic used to decrease ICP by increasing urinary output. o The normal ICP in adults is 5 -15 mmHg. o Glasgow coma scale used to measure extent of trauma o Things that cause ICP to decrease/increase: ▪ Brain tumor ▪ Encephalitis ▪ Meningitis ▪ Head Injury ▪ Stroke ▪ When ICP is high, perfusion is decreased ▪ Cerebral spinal fluid RF for Altered Intracranial Regulation • Head/neck injury • Brain Hematoma • Cerebral vascular accident • Cerebral hemorrhage