NR 507 MIDTERM EXAM 2024 GRADED
A+ 97% GUARANTEE
Question 1
The lung is innervated by the parasympathetic nervous system via which nerve?
Vagus
Phrenic
Brachial
Pectoral
Fibers of the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system (ANS)
travel only in the vagus nerve to the lung.
Question 2
What is the action of urodilatin?
Urodilatin causes vasoconstriction of afferent arterioles.
It causes vasodilation of the efferent arterioles.
Urodilatin inhibits antidiuretic hormone secretion.
,It inhibits salt and water reabsorption.
Urodilatin (a natriuretic peptide) inhibits sodium and water reabsorption from the
medullary part of collecting duct, thereby producing diuresis. It is not involved in
the actions described by the other options.
Question 3
What is the direct action of atrial natriuretic hormone?
Sodium retention
Sodium excretion
Water retention
Water excretion
Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) inhibit the
secretion of renin, inhibit angiotensin-induced secretion of aldosterone, vasodilate
the afferent and constrict the efferent glomerular arterioles, and inhibit sodium and
water absorption by kidney tubules. The other actions are not a result of the atrial
natriuretic hormone.
Question 4
Which statement best describes a Schilling test?
,Administration of radioactive cobalamin and the measurement of its excretion in
the urine to test for vitamin B12 deficiency
Measurement of antigen-antibody immune complexes in the blood to test for
hemolytic anemia
Measurement of serum ferritin and total iron-binding capacity in the blood to test
for iron deficiency anemia
Administration of folate and measurement in 2 hours of its level in a blood
sample to test for folic acid deficiency anemia.
The Schilling test indirectly evaluates vitamin B12 absorption by administering
radioactive B12 and measuring excretion in the urine. This selection is the only
option that accurately describes a Schilling test.
Question 5
Hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN) can occur if the mother:
Is Rh-positive and the fetus is Rh-negative
Is Rh-negative and the fetus is Rh-positive
Has type A blood and the fetus has type O
Has type AB blood and the fetus has type B
HDN can occur only if antigens on fetal erythrocytes differ from antigens on
maternal erythrocytes. Maternal-fetal incompatibility exists only if the mother and
fetus differ in ABO blood type or if the fetus is Rh-positive and the mother is Rh-
, negative. This erythrocyte incompatibility does not exist in any of the other
options.
Question 6
Which T-lymphocyte phenotype is the key determinant of childhood asthma?
Cluster of differentiation (CD) 4 T-helper Th1 lymphocytes
CD4 T-helper Th2 lymphocytes
CD8 cytotoxic T lymphocytes
Memory T lymphocytes
Asthma develops because the Th2 response (in which CD4 T-helper cells produce
specific cytokines, such as interleukin [IL]–4, IL-5, and IL-13) promotes an atopic
and allergic response in the airways. This selection is the only option that
accurately identifies the appropriate T-lymphocyte phenotype.
Question 7
Perceived stress elicits an emotional, anticipatory response that begins where?
Prefrontal cortex
Anterior pituitary
Limbic system
A+ 97% GUARANTEE
Question 1
The lung is innervated by the parasympathetic nervous system via which nerve?
Vagus
Phrenic
Brachial
Pectoral
Fibers of the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system (ANS)
travel only in the vagus nerve to the lung.
Question 2
What is the action of urodilatin?
Urodilatin causes vasoconstriction of afferent arterioles.
It causes vasodilation of the efferent arterioles.
Urodilatin inhibits antidiuretic hormone secretion.
,It inhibits salt and water reabsorption.
Urodilatin (a natriuretic peptide) inhibits sodium and water reabsorption from the
medullary part of collecting duct, thereby producing diuresis. It is not involved in
the actions described by the other options.
Question 3
What is the direct action of atrial natriuretic hormone?
Sodium retention
Sodium excretion
Water retention
Water excretion
Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) inhibit the
secretion of renin, inhibit angiotensin-induced secretion of aldosterone, vasodilate
the afferent and constrict the efferent glomerular arterioles, and inhibit sodium and
water absorption by kidney tubules. The other actions are not a result of the atrial
natriuretic hormone.
Question 4
Which statement best describes a Schilling test?
,Administration of radioactive cobalamin and the measurement of its excretion in
the urine to test for vitamin B12 deficiency
Measurement of antigen-antibody immune complexes in the blood to test for
hemolytic anemia
Measurement of serum ferritin and total iron-binding capacity in the blood to test
for iron deficiency anemia
Administration of folate and measurement in 2 hours of its level in a blood
sample to test for folic acid deficiency anemia.
The Schilling test indirectly evaluates vitamin B12 absorption by administering
radioactive B12 and measuring excretion in the urine. This selection is the only
option that accurately describes a Schilling test.
Question 5
Hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN) can occur if the mother:
Is Rh-positive and the fetus is Rh-negative
Is Rh-negative and the fetus is Rh-positive
Has type A blood and the fetus has type O
Has type AB blood and the fetus has type B
HDN can occur only if antigens on fetal erythrocytes differ from antigens on
maternal erythrocytes. Maternal-fetal incompatibility exists only if the mother and
fetus differ in ABO blood type or if the fetus is Rh-positive and the mother is Rh-
, negative. This erythrocyte incompatibility does not exist in any of the other
options.
Question 6
Which T-lymphocyte phenotype is the key determinant of childhood asthma?
Cluster of differentiation (CD) 4 T-helper Th1 lymphocytes
CD4 T-helper Th2 lymphocytes
CD8 cytotoxic T lymphocytes
Memory T lymphocytes
Asthma develops because the Th2 response (in which CD4 T-helper cells produce
specific cytokines, such as interleukin [IL]–4, IL-5, and IL-13) promotes an atopic
and allergic response in the airways. This selection is the only option that
accurately identifies the appropriate T-lymphocyte phenotype.
Question 7
Perceived stress elicits an emotional, anticipatory response that begins where?
Prefrontal cortex
Anterior pituitary
Limbic system
