Cognitive Neuroscience exam #1 with complete solutions

Cognitive Neuroscience exam #1 with complete solutions Cognitive Neuroscience - answerStudy of the brain and how it relates to complex thoughts and behaviors Neurons - answerCells that carry information from one place to another Sensory Neurons - answerBring information to the central nervous system Interneurons - answerassociate information within the central nervous system Motor neurons - answersend information from the brain and spinal cord (CNS) to the muscles Three main parts of neurons - answerCell body, Axon, and Dendritic Tree Cell body - answerContains the nucleus and other cellular machinery necessary for cell functioning Axon - answerCarries information from the cell body to the synapse Dendritic Tree - answerreceives input from the other cells or neurons Glia or Glial Cells - answerServe as "support cells" and do not convey info like neurons, but do have many functions 4 main functions of Glia - answer1. They can modify environment for neurons 2. They can remove dead neurons 3. Some Glial cells myelinate axons 4. Some Glial cells help maintain the blood/brain barrier Gray matter - answerIs made of Neuronal cell bodies (pink part of the brain) White matter - answerLots of myelination from glial cells; areas of the brain that are connecting neurons to other neurons (whitish part) Central Nervous system - answerbrain and spinal cord Peripheral Nervous system - answerAll neural tissue beyond the central nervous system. Neurons that relay information to and from CNS Anterior - answerThe front of the brain Posterior - answerBack of the brain Superior - answerTop of the brain Inferior - answerBottom of the brain Rostral - answerTowards the front/head Caudal - answerTowards the back/tail Dorsal - answerAbove and towards the back Ventral - answerBelow towards the belly Proximal - answerMeans near when referring to the body midline Distal - answerMeans far when referring to the body midline Bilateral - answerboth sides of the brain Unilateral - answerone side of the brain Ipsilateral - answerMeans same side of the brain ontralateral - answermeans opposite side of the brain Coronal way of cutting the brain - answerBrain is separated from top to bottom (ear muff orientation) Horizontal or Axial - answerSeparated from front to back (sweat band orientation) Sagittal - answerBrain is separated from left to right Medial or midsagittal - answerMiddle of the brain Ventricles - answerfluid filled spaces in the brain that contain cerebrosp